[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3736},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page-\u002Farticles\u002Fhistory":3,"list-articles":3698},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":3683,"extension":3684,"file":3685,"group":3686,"label":3686,"meta":3687,"minutes":3688,"navigation":3689,"order":3690,"path":3691,"section":3692,"seo":3693,"slug":3694,"stem":3695,"updated":3696,"__hash__":3697},"pages\u002Fdocs\u002FHISTORY.md","History: military, intelligence and institutional involvement",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":3634},"minimark",[9,13,27,32,39,110,113,117,594,598,603,611,617,650,653,673,677,684,813,818,822,893,897,935,939,944,964,969,985,989,993,999,1071,1077,1080,1105,1109,1183,1187,1204,1208,1220,1224,1228,1252,1256,1262,1276,1292,1296,1322,1326,1523,1531,1535,1540,1581,1586,1590,1597,1611,1621,1625,1656,1660,1663,1756,1766,1770,1774,1882,1890,1904,1908,1915,1937,1957,1961,1994,2001,2005,2010,2030,2035,2092,2105,2115,2125,2129,2132,2191,2195,2278,2282,2293,2330,2348,2352,2369,2532,2554,2562,2566,2574,2675,2683,2688,2692,2763,2768,2772,2786,2790,2793,2924,2927,2981,2986,2990,3295,3299,3305,3492,3498,3503,3566,3589,3595,3599,3619],[10,11,12],"p",{},"Weak magnetic fields, remote viewing and \"consciousness technology\" have a long institutional history. The US Navy studied ELF fields as a safety question. US intelligence agencies paid for psychic research from 1972 to 1995. Health and standards bodies wrote the exposure limits this project uses. This document sets out what the records show, by institution and roughly in date order.",[10,14,15,16,21,22,26],{},"It is documentary history only: what was studied, funded, claimed and found. It gives no guidance for influencing or harming anyone, and nothing in the record shows that fields like this helmet's can do so. The science of the God Helmet is in ",[17,18,20],"a",{"href":19},"\u002Farticles\u002Fresearch","RESEARCH.md",". Exposure limits and the device's safeguards are in ",[17,23,25],{"href":24},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fsafety","SAFETY.md",".",[28,29,31],"h2",{"id":30},"how-to-read-this-document","How to read this document",[10,33,34,38],{},[35,36,37],"strong",{},"Documented"," means a primary record exists: a declassified file, an official report, a patent or a paper. It says nothing about whether the content of the record is true. What the records claim carries the project's evidence words:",[40,41,42,55],"table",{},[43,44,45],"thead",{},[46,47,48,52],"tr",{},[49,50,51],"th",{},"Word",[49,53,54],{},"Meaning",[56,57,58,70,80,90,100],"tbody",{},[46,59,60,67],{},[61,62,63],"td",{},[64,65],"evidence-word",{"level":66},"established",[61,68,69],{},"Independently replicated",[46,71,72,77],{},[61,73,74],{},[64,75],{"level":76},"single-lab",[61,78,79],{},"Reported by one laboratory or research group only",[46,81,82,87],{},[61,83,84],{},[64,85],{"level":86},"claim",[61,88,89],{},"Stated by an author, agency or vendor without independent support",[46,91,92,97],{},[61,93,94],{},[64,95],{"level":96},"anecdote",[61,98,99],{},"A personal account",[46,101,102,107],{},[61,103,104],{},[64,105],{"level":106},"unverified",[61,108,109],{},"Could not be checked against a primary source",[10,111,112],{},"Most CIA files are linked through mirrors (The Black Vault, the Internet Archive, the National Security Archive). The IDs that start with \"CIA-RDP\" identify the originals in the CIA's CREST reading room.",[28,114,116],{"id":115},"overview","Overview",[40,118,119,138],{},[43,120,121],{},[46,122,123,126,129,132,135],{},[49,124,125],{},"Programme",[49,127,128],{},"Years",[49,130,131],{},"Agency",[49,133,134],{},"What it did",[49,136,137],{},"What it found",[56,139,140,164,184,205,229,253,272,293,315,333,356,380,400,419,443,466,487,510,531,552,573],{},[46,141,142,145,148,151,154],{},[61,143,144],{},"Sanguine \u002F Seafarer \u002F ELF antenna",[61,146,147],{},"late 1950s–1990s",[61,149,150],{},"US Navy; National Academies reviews",[61,152,153],{},"76 Hz submarine antenna; health and ecology reviews",[61,155,156,157,163],{},"No significant biological harm expected, but adverse effects \"cannot be fully ruled out\" (",[17,158,162],{"href":159,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002F51.gif","noopener","_blank","NAS 1977",")",[46,165,166,169,172,175,178],{},[61,167,168],{},"Pensacola ELF studies",[61,170,171],{},"1971–1976",[61,173,174],{},"US Navy (NAMRL)",[61,176,177],{},"Men at 100 µT, monkeys at 0.2–1 mT, 15–80 Hz",[61,179,180,181,163],{},"Human triglyceride claim rejected; primate tests null or equivocal (",[17,182,162],{"href":183,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002F195.gif",[46,185,186,189,192,195,198],{},[61,187,188],{},"Moscow Signal; Project PANDORA",[61,190,191],{},"1953–1970s",[61,193,194],{},"State Dept, CIA, ARPA",[61,196,197],{},"Microwave beam on the US Embassy; primate tests",[61,199,200,201,163],{},"At most about 50 µW\u002Fcm²; no primate performance loss (",[17,202,204],{"href":203,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnsarchive.gwu.edu\u002Fbriefing-book\u002Fintelligence-russia-programs\u002F2022-09-13\u002Fmoscow-signals-declassified-microwave","NSA Archive 2022",[46,206,207,210,213,216,219],{},[61,208,209],{},"MKULTRA ESP subproject",[61,211,212],{},"1960s",[61,214,215],{},"CIA",[61,217,218],{},"One subproject on extrasensory perception",[61,220,221,222,224,225,163],{},"A review claimed ESP was \"demonstrated but not understood or controllable\" (",[64,223],{"level":86},") (",[17,226,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fremoteviewing\u002Fstargate\u002FSTARGATE%20%2311%20549\u002FPart0005\u002FCIA-RDP96-00791R000200030040-0.TXT","Kress 1977",[46,230,231,234,237,240,243],{},[61,232,233],{},"Assessments of Soviet-bloc work",[61,235,236],{},"1972–1978",[61,238,239],{},"DIA, Army medical intelligence, USAF FTD",[61,241,242],{},"Compiled foreign psi and EM reports",[61,244,245,248,249,163],{},[35,246,247],{},"Claims","; in 1976 no Soviet research could be tied to a weapons programme (",[17,250,252],{"href":251,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-and-ussr-research-on-electromagnetic-frequencies-collection","DIA 1976",[46,254,255,258,261,264,267],{},[61,256,257],{},"CIA–SRI programme (incl. SCANATE)",[61,259,260],{},"1972–1977",[61,262,263],{},"CIA OTS\u002FORD",[61,265,266],{},"Remote-viewing tests with Swann and Price",[61,268,269,270,163],{},"Main operational test \"at best inconclusive\" (",[17,271,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,273,274,277,280,283,286],{},[61,275,276],{},"GONDOLA WISH",[61,278,279],{},"1977–1978",[61,281,282],{},"Army INSCOM",[61,284,285],{},"Study of US vulnerability to hostile remote viewing",[61,287,288,289,163],{},"Became GRILL FLAME (",[17,290,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00788R001100020001-8.pdf","Army chronology 1986",[46,294,295,298,301,303,306],{},[61,296,297],{},"GRILL FLAME",[61,299,300],{},"1978–1982",[61,302,282],{},[61,304,305],{},"Operational viewer unit trained at SRI",[61,307,308,309,312,313,163],{},"Operational successes are ",[35,310,311],{},"claims"," (",[17,314,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,316,317,320,323,325,328],{},[61,318,319],{},"CENTER LANE",[61,321,322],{},"1982–1985",[61,324,282],{},[61,326,327],{},"CRV and Gateway training; geophysical study",[61,329,330,331,163],{},"Army stopped collection in October 1984 (",[17,332,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,334,335,338,341,344,347],{},[61,336,337],{},"SUN STREAK",[61,339,340],{},"1985–1990\u002F91",[61,342,343],{},"DIA",[61,345,346],{},"Operational tasking",[61,348,349,350,224,352,163],{},"Internal briefings: \"no known defense\" (",[64,351],{"level":86},[17,353,355],{"href":354,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu\u002FNSAEBB\u002FNSAEBB534-DIA-Declassified-Sourcebook\u002Fdocuments\u002FDIA-21.pdf","DIA SUN STREAK briefing",[46,357,358,361,364,367,370],{},[61,359,360],{},"STAR GATE",[61,362,363],{},"1990\u002F91–1995",[61,365,366],{},"DIA, SAIC, then CIA",[61,368,369],{},"Laboratory research and operations",[61,371,372,373,375,376,163],{},"Lab hits above chance (",[64,374],{"level":76},"); never used to guide operations (",[17,377,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00791R000200180006-4.pdf","AIR 1995",[46,381,382,385,388,390,393],{},[61,383,384],{},"Army and the Monroe Institute",[61,386,387],{},"1978–1984",[61,389,282],{},[61,391,392],{},"Gateway training; 1983 \"Gateway Process\" analysis",[61,394,395,396,163],{},"Hemi-Sync support \"does not meet generally accepted criteria for scientific evidence\" (",[17,397,399],{"href":398,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Ffiles.eric.ed.gov\u002Ffulltext\u002FED296127.pdf","NRC 1988",[46,401,402,405,408,411,414],{},[61,403,404],{},"NRC human-performance review",[61,406,407],{},"1984–1988",[61,409,410],{},"Army Research Institute",[61,412,413],{},"Review of remote viewing, Hemi-Sync, psychotronics",[61,415,416,417,163],{},"Remote-viewing case \"virtually nonexistent\" (",[17,418,399],{"href":398,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,420,421,424,427,430,433],{},[61,422,423],{},"Unit 10003",[61,425,426],{},"1989–2003",[61,428,429],{},"Soviet\u002FRussian General Staff",[61,431,432],{},"Military use of \"paranormal phenomena\"",[61,434,435,436,438,439,163],{},"Successes are insider ",[35,437,311],{},"; Russian Academy of Sciences objected (",[17,440,442],{"href":441,"rel":160,"target":161},"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.philosophy.nsc.ru\u002Fjournals\u002Fphilscience\u002F5_99\u002F10_KRUG.htm","Kruglyakov 1999",[46,444,445,448,451,454,457],{},[61,446,447],{},"EFHB \u002F 507 Institute",[61,449,450],{},"1981–1980s",[61,452,453],{},"PRC defence-related bodies",[61,455,456],{},"Psi research",[61,458,459,461,462,163],{},[35,460,247],{}," relayed in CIA files (",[17,463,465],{"href":464,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00789r002600290003-0","Zha & McConnell 1990",[46,467,468,471,474,477,480],{},[61,469,470],{},"UK MoD study",[61,472,473],{},"2001–2002",[61,475,476],{},"UK Ministry of Defence",[61,478,479],{},"One remote-viewing study",[61,481,482,483,163],{},"No further work done or planned (",[17,484,486],{"href":485,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk\u002Fmedia\u002F5a7f5d4ced915d74e622a03e\u002FFOIA_2015_07347_Redacted_response_letter_with_S16.pdf","MoD 2015",[46,488,489,492,495,498,501],{},[61,490,491],{},"Persinger laboratory",[61,493,494],{},"1971–2018",[61,496,497],{},"Laurentian University",[61,499,500],{},"God Helmet; 1998 Swann test",[61,502,503,505,506,163],{},[64,504],{"level":76},"; independent double-blind test found no field effect (",[17,507,509],{"href":508,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F15849873\u002F","Granqvist 2005",[46,511,512,515,518,521,524],{},[61,513,514],{},"Anomalous health incidents",[61,516,517],{},"2018–2025",[61,519,520],{},"State, NAS, JASON, ODNI, NIH",[61,522,523],{},"Investigations of \"Havana syndrome\"",[61,525,526,527,163],{},"Conflicting; most IC components judge a foreign actor \"very unlikely\" (",[17,528,530],{"href":529,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.dni.gov\u002Ffiles\u002FODNI\u002Fdocuments\u002Fassessments\u002FNIC-Unclassified-ICA-Updated-Assessment-AHI-December2024.pdf","ODNI 2025",[46,532,533,536,539,542,545],{},[61,534,535],{},"RAM, NESD, N3",[61,537,538],{},"2014–2019",[61,540,541],{},"DARPA",[61,543,544],{},"Implanted and non-surgical brain interfaces",[61,546,547,548,163],{},"None uses weak µT ELF fields (",[17,549,551],{"href":550,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.darpa.mil\u002Fnews\u002F2019\u002Fnonsurgical-brain-machine-interfaces","DARPA 2019",[46,553,554,557,560,563,566],{},[61,555,556],{},"Cognitive warfare study",[61,558,559],{},"2021–2022",[61,561,562],{},"NATO ACT Innovation Hub",[61,564,565],{},"Policy study",[61,567,568,569,163],{},"Not official ACT policy (",[17,570,572],{"href":571,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Finnovationhub-act.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2023\u002F12\u002F20210113_CW-Final-v2-.pdf","du Cluzel 2021",[46,574,575,578,581,584,587],{},[61,576,577],{},"Exposure standards",[61,579,580],{},"1960–2019",[61,582,583],{},"IEEE, WHO, IARC, ICNIRP",[61,585,586],{},"Limits and health reviews",[61,588,589,590,163],{},"ELF magnetic fields \"possibly carcinogenic\" (2B); acute effects only \"well above 100 µT\" (",[17,591,593],{"href":592,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bpa.gov\u002F-\u002Fmedia\u002FAep\u002Flands\u002FEMF_WHO_EMF-Fact-Sheet-2007a1.pdf","WHO 2007",[28,595,597],{"id":596},"elf-research-and-the-navys-antenna-1950s1997","ELF research and the Navy's antenna (1950s–1997)",[599,600,602],"h3",{"id":601},"the-submarine-antenna-sanguine-seafarer-elf","The submarine antenna: Sanguine, Seafarer, ELF",[10,604,605,606,610],{},"The Navy began research on ELF radio for submarines in the late 1950s. It finished a test antenna near Clam Lake, Wisconsin, in 1969. Clam Lake was fully working in 1985, and a second site at Republic, Michigan, in 1989. The signal was modulated between 72 and 80 Hz, with 76 Hz the most prominent (",[17,607,609],{"href":608,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F5410\u002Fan-evaluation-of-the-us-navys-extremely-low-frequency-submarine-communications-ecological-monitoring-program","NRC 1997",").",[10,612,613,614,610],{},"At the Navy's request, the National Academy of Sciences set up a Committee on Biosphere Effects of ELF Radiation in 1976. Its 1977 report covers \"Seafarer (formerly Sanguine)\" (",[17,615,162],{"href":616,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002FR3.gif",[618,619,620,634,642],"ul",{},[621,622,623,626,627,630,631,610],"li",{},[35,624,625],{},"Fields."," The Navy specified at most about 0.1 V\u002Fm and 0.37 G (37 µT) directly over the grid cables (",[17,628,162],{"href":629,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002F35.gif","). For the Michigan proposal the report gives 0.11 G (11 µT) at the surface over a cable and about 0.002 G (0.2 µT) 100 m away. Earth's field is about 0.5 G (50 µT) (",[17,632,162],{"href":633,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nationalacademies.org\u002Fread\u002F20341\u002Fchapter\u002F1",[621,635,636,639,640,610],{},[35,637,638],{},"Conclusion."," The fields \"will not cause a significant and adverse biologic disturbance, except in the event of electric shock\". The committee added that \"the possibility of adverse effects cannot be fully ruled out\" and asked for long-term monitoring if the system was built (",[17,641,162],{"href":159,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,643,644,647,648,610],{},[35,645,646],{},"Nerves and behaviour."," Reported effects \"occur only at field strengths well above those expected even in the immediate vicinity of the antenna\" (",[17,649,162],{"href":633,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,651,652],{},"Two later reviews followed.",[618,654,655,668],{},[621,656,657,658,661,662,224,664,610],{},"In 1985 the American Institute of Biological Sciences reviewed the newer literature and \"recommended continued ecological research\" (",[17,659,609],{"href":660,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F5410\u002Fgif\u002F15.gif","). Its reported finding that adverse effects were \"unlikely\" is known only from an abstract (",[64,663],{"level":106},[17,665,667],{"href":666,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fapps.dtic.mil\u002Fsti\u002Ftr\u002Fpdf\u002FADA152731.pdf","AIBS 1985",[621,669,670,671,610],{},"The National Research Council reviewed the Navy's ecological monitoring in 1997, under a Defense Department contract. It found \"no evidence that exposure to ELF EMFs had obvious adverse ecological effects\". It also criticised low statistical power and pseudoreplication, said small possible effects were \"too readily dismissed\", and asked for a reanalysis by a body independent of the Defense Department (",[17,672,609],{"href":608,"rel":160,"target":161},[599,674,676],{"id":675},"navy-laboratory-studies-at-pensacola","Navy laboratory studies at Pensacola",[10,678,679,680,683],{},"The Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (NAMRL) in Pensacola ran most of the Navy's human and primate ELF studies. The question of blood-fat changes was discussed at a meeting on 6–7 December 1973 \"sponsored by the U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery\" (",[17,681,162],{"href":682,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002F41.gif","). The original reports sit in DTIC; the table uses the reviews.",[40,685,686,702],{},[43,687,688],{},[46,689,690,693,696,699],{},[49,691,692],{},"Study",[49,694,695],{},"Exposure",[49,697,698],{},"Result",[49,700,701],{},"Evidence",[56,703,704,722,739,756,774,792],{},[46,705,706,709,712,717],{},[61,707,708],{},"Beischer et al. 1973, men",[61,710,711],{},"1 G (100 µT), 45 Hz, about 10 or 22.5 h",[61,713,714,715,163],{},"Raised blood triglycerides reported. The NAS found the design deficient (diet not controlled, groups not matched): \"this report does not support an effect\". Beischer himself saw no effects \"that could definitely be linked with the magnetic field\" (",[17,716,162],{"href":183,"rel":160,"target":161},[61,718,719,721],{},[64,720],{"level":76},", rejected",[46,723,724,727,730,735],{},[61,725,726],{},"Beischer & Brehl, 140 mice",[61,728,729],{},"1 G, 45 Hz, 24 h",[61,731,732,733,163],{},"\"no statistically significant difference\" (",[17,734,162],{"href":183,"rel":160,"target":161},[61,736,737],{},[64,738],{"level":76},[46,740,741,744,747,752],{},[61,742,743],{},"Grissett & Kupper, monkeys",[61,745,746],{},"2 G (200 µT), 72–80 Hz, more than a year",[61,748,749,750,163],{},"\"no significant difference\" (",[17,751,162],{"href":183,"rel":160,"target":161},[61,753,754],{},[64,755],{"level":76},[46,757,758,761,764,770],{},[61,759,760],{},"Grissett & de Lorge, squirrel monkeys",[61,762,763],{},"10 G (1 mT), 45 Hz, 42 days, 1 h a day",[61,765,766,767,163],{},"Reaction time: \"No effects were seen\" (",[17,768,162],{"href":769,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002F257.gif",[61,771,772],{},[64,773],{"level":76},[46,775,776,779,782,788],{},[61,777,778],{},"de Lorge, rhesus monkeys",[61,780,781],{},"8.2–9.3 G, 15 and 45 Hz",[61,783,784,785,163],{},"Interpreted as \"equivocal\" (",[17,786,162],{"href":787,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002F259.gif",[61,789,790],{},[64,791],{"level":76},[46,793,794,797,799,806],{},[61,795,796],{},"Gibson & Moroney 1974, men",[61,798,729],{},[61,800,801,802,163],{},"Short-term memory and addition \"altered\" (",[17,803,805],{"href":804,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fandrewamarino.com\u002FPDFs\u002FF038-PhysiolChemPhys1977.pdf","Marino & Becker 1977",[61,807,808,810,811],{},[64,809],{"level":76},", \"preliminary\"; primary text ",[64,812],{"level":106},[10,814,815,816,610],{},"The NAS also judged a health study of staff at the Wisconsin test site \"deficient in many respects\" (",[17,817,162],{"href":682,"rel":160,"target":161},[599,819,821],{"id":820},"academic-elf-research-with-defence-money","Academic ELF research with defence money",[618,823,824,849,862,874],{},[621,825,826,829,830,834,835,839,840,842,843,224,845,610],{},[35,827,828],{},"Delgado."," His 1968 study of the \"stimoceiver\", a radio-controlled brain implant in patients, credits the US Air Force 6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory, the US Public Health Service and the Office of Naval Research (",[17,831,833],{"href":832,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fsites.google.com\u002Fsite\u002Fmcrais1\u002Fintracerebral","Delgado 1968","). Delgado acknowledged Navy and Air Force support and denied any CIA connection (",[17,836,838],{"href":837,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Finhn.org\u002Flegacy\u002FIMAGES\u002FCASE_STUDY_DELGADO.PDF","Blackwell 2014","); claims of CIA funding are ",[64,841],{"level":106},". His 1982 Madrid study exposed chick embryos to 0.12–12 µT at 10–1000 Hz and found that \"100 Hz\u002F1.2 µT had the most consistent and powerful inhibitory effect on embryogenesis\" (",[64,844],{"level":76},[17,846,848],{"href":847,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC1167891\u002F","Delgado 1982",[621,850,851,854,855,859,860,26],{},[35,852,853],{},"Operation Henhouse."," Six laboratories ran a related chick-embryo test with a different, pulsed protocol: 1 µT peak, 500 µs pulses, 100 per second, 48 h. The Office of Naval Research was one of six funders. Two of six labs found significantly more abnormalities, and the pooled data were significant (",[17,856,858],{"href":857,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nationalacademies.org\u002Fread\u002F2046\u002Fchapter\u002F7","NRC 1993","). The results differed sharply between labs, so the effect is not ",[64,861],{"level":66},[621,863,864,867,868,224,870,610],{},[35,865,866],{},"Adey."," Bawin and Adey's 1976 paper on calcium efflux from brain tissue under weak ELF electric fields thanks \"The Naval Electronic Systems Command under an Office of Naval Research Contract\", the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Public Health Service. They reported decreases of up to 12–15 % at 6 and 16 Hz (",[64,869],{"level":76},[17,871,873],{"href":872,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC430435\u002F","Bawin & Adey 1976",[621,875,876,879,880,884,885,889,890,892],{},[35,877,878],{},"Adey's letter in the CIA files."," In 1973 Adey wrote to Robert P. Gow, president of the company Develco, that \"these preliminary studies indicate a feasibility to manipulate and control brain states by modification of the environmental electromagnetic 'atmosphere'\" (",[17,881,883],{"href":882,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fcia-and-ussr-research-on-electromagnetic-frequencies-collection\u002F%5BCIA%5D%201973%2C%2005%2030%20WR%20Adey%20-%20LETTER%20TO%20MR.%20ROBERT%20P.%20GOW%20FROM%20W.%20ROSS%20ADEY%2C%20MD.pdf","Adey 1973","). A month earlier Gow had written that the intelligence community should look \"definitively\" at \"the reported communication phenomenon associated with human biology\" (",[17,886,888],{"href":887,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fcia-and-ussr-research-on-electromagnetic-frequencies-collection\u002F%5BCIA%5D%201973%2C%2004%2026%20Robert%20P%20Gow%20-%20NOTE%20PER%20%5BSanitized%5D.pdf","Gow 1973","). Both letters are in the CIA's STAR GATE collection. The capability is Adey's ",[64,891],{"level":86},"; the record shows only that the idea reached an intelligence file.",[599,894,896],{"id":895},"persinger-in-the-elf-era","Persinger in the ELF era",[618,898,899,910,916],{},[621,900,901,902,905,906,610],{},"The 1977 NAS report lists Michael A. Persinger of Laurentian University among its consultants; Adey was a committee member (",[17,903,162],{"href":904,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002FR10.gif","). Persinger's CV calls him \"Special Consultant to the Committee on Biosphere Effects of ELF Radiation\" for 1976–77 (",[17,907,909],{"href":908,"rel":160,"target":161},"http:\u002F\u002Fchaos-ordnung.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2016\u002F07\u002FPersinger-_-CV-_-mapersingerFEB2016.pdf","Persinger CV 2016",[621,911,912,913,610],{},"The report discusses his rat studies with rotating fields of 0.5–30 G at 0.5 Hz (",[17,914,162],{"href":915,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fbooks\u002F20341\u002Fgif\u002F260.gif",[621,917,918,919,923,924,928,929,931,932,934],{},"In 1974 he edited the book ",[920,921,922],"em",{},"ELF and VLF Electromagnetic Field Effects"," (Plenum) (",[17,925,927],{"href":926,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fopenlibrary.org\u002Fbooks\u002FOL5059728M\u002FELF_and_VLF_electromagnetic_field_effects","Open Library","). It includes a chapter by NAMRL's de Lorge and Marr (",[17,930,805],{"href":804,"rel":160,"target":161},"). Some ELF studies of the period were run for the Sanguine environmental evaluation (",[17,933,805],{"href":804,"rel":160,"target":161},"). The research for this document found no source showing that Persinger's book was Navy-funded.",[28,936,938],{"id":937},"microwaves-the-moscow-signal-and-microwave-hearing-19531979","Microwaves: the Moscow Signal and microwave hearing (1953–1979)",[10,940,941,942,610],{},"From 1953, US technicians detected a microwave beam aimed at the US Embassy in Moscow (",[17,943,204],{"href":203,"rel":160,"target":161},[618,945,946,952,958],{},[621,947,948,951],{},[35,949,950],{},"Project PANDORA."," ARPA studied possible effects from 1965 until March 1970, at a cost of $4,615,000. A sub-project called BIZARRE tested primates.",[621,953,954,957],{},[35,955,956],{},"Exposure."," A first estimate of 0.5–1 mW\u002Fcm² was corrected to \"not over 50 microwatts\u002Fcm2\", about 2 µW\u002Fcm² at its average high.",[621,959,960,963],{},[35,961,962],{},"Findings."," ARPA reported \"no overt primate performance degradation\" in 1967. A 1971 RAND panel criticised the experimental design. PANDORA meetings in 1969 discussed human experiments. A 1979 Senate report found \"no convincing evidence\" that the exposure harmed health.",[10,965,966,967,610],{},"All of the above is from the declassified files, which also show the signal still active in 1976 (",[17,968,204],{"href":203,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,970,971,972,976,977,979,980,984],{},"In 1962 Allan Frey reported that people hear pulsed radio-frequency energy as sound (",[17,973,975],{"href":974,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F13895081\u002F","Frey 1962","). The effect itself is ",[64,978],{"level":66},"; a later review supports a thermoelastic mechanism (",[17,981,983],{"href":982,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwaves.lima-city.de\u002Fdok\u002FAuditory%20Response%20to%20Pulsed%20Radiofrequency%20Energy%20-%20Elder%20and%20Chou.pdf","Elder & Chou 2003","). This \"Frey effect\" is radio-frequency, not ELF, and it returns in the Havana debate below.",[28,986,988],{"id":987},"intelligence-assessments-of-foreign-work-19721993","Intelligence assessments of foreign work (1972–1993)",[599,990,992],{"id":991},"us-reports-on-soviet-bloc-research","US reports on Soviet-bloc research",[10,994,995,996,998],{},"These reports compiled open literature and intelligence reporting. Their content is ",[64,997],{"level":86},"-level.",[40,1000,1001,1011],{},[43,1002,1003],{},[46,1004,1005,1008],{},[49,1006,1007],{},"Report",[49,1009,1010],{},"Key statements",[56,1012,1013,1028,1043,1056],{},[46,1014,1015,1025],{},[61,1016,1017,1020,1021,163],{},[920,1018,1019],{},"Controlled Offensive Behavior – USSR",", Army medical intelligence for DIA, July 1972 (",[17,1022,1024],{"href":1023,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00788R001300010001-7.pdf","DIA 1972",[61,1026,1027],{},"\"Twenty or more\" Soviet psi centres; 1967 budget estimates from about $13 million to \"as high as 21 million dollars\"; impetus \"said to come from the Soviet military and the KGB\"; forecast that \"by 1980\" the Soviets would master psi to alter behaviour, which no later public evidence bore out",[46,1029,1030,1040],{},[61,1031,1032,1035,1036,163],{},[920,1033,1034],{},"Soviet and Czechoslovakian Parapsychology Research",", DIA, September 1975 (",[17,1037,1039],{"href":1038,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00787R000500420001-2.pdf","DIA 1975",[61,1041,1042],{},"Psychotronics \"has powerful potential for use as an effective weapon against groups of men and key leaders\"; yet \"observed phenomena are unstable and there is low probability of proving them in controlled tests\"",[46,1044,1045,1053],{},[61,1046,1047,1050,1051,163],{},[920,1048,1049],{},"Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation (Radiowaves and Microwaves) – Eurasian Communist Countries",", DIA, March 1976; in a third-party collection of declassified files (",[17,1052,252],{"href":251,"rel":160,"target":161},[61,1054,1055],{},"Speculates about uses of microwave hearing, but: \"No Eurasian Communist research activity has been identified which can be clearly or directly related to any military offensive weapons program\"; little was known about \"relatively low frequency radiowaves\"",[46,1057,1058,1068],{},[61,1059,1060,1063,1064,163],{},[920,1061,1062],{},"Paraphysics R&D – Warsaw Pact",", USAF Foreign Technology Division for DIA, March 1978 (",[17,1065,1067],{"href":1066,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fdia\u002FPARAPHYSICS_RD-WARSAW_PACT.pdf","DIA 1978",[61,1069,1070],{},"Soviet screening of \"gifted people\"; research groups in Moscow, Leningrad and Alma-Ata; ELF theories of telepathy; funding \"unknown\"",[10,1072,1073,1074,610],{},"The 1978 report also describes Czech \"psychotronics\". Zdenek Rejdak organised international psychotronics congresses in 1973, 1975 and 1977. The report called the work \"poorly controlled and poorly reported\", and said Robert Pavlita's \"psychotronic generators\" may work partly through static electricity (",[17,1075,1067],{"href":1076,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002FParaphysicsRDWarsawPact_201609",[10,1078,1079],{},"US monitoring continued:",[618,1081,1082,1089,1096],{},[621,1083,1084,1085,610],{},"The Joint Publications Research Service translated Soviet papers on EM effects on the brain, for example in 1976 (",[17,1086,1088],{"href":1087,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fcia-and-ussr-research-on-electromagnetic-frequencies-collection\u002F%5BCIA%5D%201976%20-%20EFFECTS%20OF%20NON-IONIZING%20ELECTROMAGNETIC%20RADIATION%20%28JRPS%206135%29.pdf","JPRS 1976",[621,1090,1091,1092,610],{},"A 1986 Air University chapter by Navy Captain Paul Tyler reports that Adey evaluated a Soviet \"LIDA\" medical instrument with a 40 MHz centre frequency (",[17,1093,1095],{"href":1094,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fcia-and-ussr-research-on-electromagnetic-frequencies-collection\u002F%5BNavy%5D%20Tyler%201986%20-%20The%20Electromagnetic%20Spectrum%20in%20Low%20Intensity%20Conflict%20%28Low-intensity%20conflict%20and%20modern%20technology%29.pdf","Tyler 1986",[621,1097,1098,1099,224,1101,610],{},"SAIC compiled a 1993 review of former-Soviet work for the US government. It relays a claim that animal behaviour responds to ELF resonances at about 0.2 nT (",[64,1100],{"level":106},[17,1102,1104],{"href":1103,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fcia-and-ussr-research-on-electromagnetic-frequencies-collection\u002F%5BCIA%5D%201993%20-%20EFFECTS%20OF%20ELETROMAGNETIC%20RADIATION%20ON%20BIOLOGICAL%20SYSTEMS%20CURRENT%20STATUS%20IN%20THE%20FORMER%20SOVIET%20UNION.pdf","May & Faith 1993",[599,1106,1108],{"id":1107},"soviet-and-russian-items-with-primary-records","Soviet and Russian items with primary records",[618,1110,1111,1124,1137,1147,1171],{},[621,1112,1113,1116,1117,1119,1120,610],{},[35,1114,1115],{},"Kaznacheev's \"mirror\" experiments."," Kaznacheev's group reported that UV-stressed cell cultures damaged neighbouring cultures through optical contact (",[64,1118],{"level":76},"; no independent replication found) (",[17,1121,1123],{"href":1122,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F454827\u002F","Kaznacheev 1979",[621,1125,1126,1129,1130,1134,1135,26],{},[35,1127,1128],{},"LIDA."," US patent 3,773,049 (Rabichev et al., Kishinev, 1973) covers a therapy device that pulses heat, light, sound and VHF radio together for neuroses, insomnia and hypertension (",[17,1131,1133],{"href":1132,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpatents.google.com\u002Fpatent\u002FUS3773049A\u002Fen","Rabichev 1973","). Claims that it was used as a weapon are ",[64,1136],{"level":106},[621,1138,1139,1142,1143,610],{},[35,1140,1141],{},"The \"Woodpecker\"."," From July 1976 to December 1989 a Soviet transmitter pulsed at 10 Hz (also 16 and 20 Hz) in the 7–19 MHz band. It was the Duga over-the-horizon radar; mind-control readings of it are unsupported (",[17,1144,1146],{"href":1145,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fhfunderground.com\u002Fwiki\u002Findex.php\u002FDuga_Radar_%28Russian_Woodpecker%29","HF Underground",[621,1148,1149,1152,1153,1156,1157,312,1159,1163,1164,1166,1167,610],{},[35,1150,1151],{},"Military unit 10003."," According to ",[920,1154,1155],{},"Rossiyskaya Gazeta",", General Staff chief Mikhail Moiseyev proposed the unit, Colonel Alexei Savin commanded it, and it was wound up at the end of 2003. Its claimed successes come from insiders and are ",[35,1158,311],{},[17,1160,1162],{"href":1161,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Frg.ru\u002F2009\u002F12\u002F30\u002Ftaina.html","RG 2009","). In 1999 the Russian Academy of Sciences' commission against pseudoscience asked for review of military projects on \"torsion fields\" and similar topics, \"in particular\" those of unit 10003 (",[17,1165,442],{"href":441,"rel":160,"target":161},"). That report shows the unit existed, not that anything worked. A 2015 Russian book on \"psi wars\" by Rubel, Savin and Ratnikov lists Edwin May, who had led the SAIC research, and the remote viewer Joseph McMoneagle among its co-authors (",[17,1168,1170],{"href":1169,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Frg.ru\u002F2015\u002F10\u002F15\u002Fspecslujbi.html","RG 2015",[621,1172,1173,1176,1177,224,1179,610],{},[35,1174,1175],{},"Decrees and budgets."," A 2013 overview describes a 1986 Central Committee decree on \"management of living objects\", a 1989 state decree founding a \"Center of unconventional technologies\" and a budget of \"500 million rubles\". Its sources are press articles, popular books and decree images from a 2009 web publication; the 1986 text \"is not in the public domain\" (",[64,1178],{"level":106},[17,1180,1182],{"href":1181,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fabs\u002F1312.1148","Kernbach 2013",[599,1184,1186],{"id":1185},"china","China",[10,1188,1189,1190,1194,1195,1197,1198,224,1200,610],{},"CIA files record that China's State Science Commission set up a group on \"exceptional functions of the human body\" in October 1981, and that on 13 May 1982 the subject \"was rejected as an approved subject of scientific research\" (",[17,1191,1193],{"href":1192,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fremoteviewing\u002Fstargate\u002FSTARGATE%20%232%20174\u002FPart0001\u002FCIA-RDP96-00792R000300410002-8.TXT","CIA chronology","). A 1990 draft says the work continued at the defence-linked \"507 Institute\" (Space Medico-Engineering Institute), backed by Qian Xuesen and Zhang Zhenhuan. It adds: \"No one knows if any practical breakthrough related to national defense has been achieved\" (",[17,1196,465],{"href":464,"rel":160,"target":161},"). A 1984 Army intelligence report asserts PLA involvement (",[64,1199],{"level":86},[17,1201,1203],{"href":1202,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-nsa-rdp96x00790r000100020007-9","Army IIR 1984",[599,1205,1207],{"id":1206},"united-kingdom","United Kingdom",[10,1209,1210,1211,1213,1214,224,1216,610],{},"The Ministry of Defence confirmed in 2015 that it \"only undertook one study, in 2002, on remote viewing and no further work has been undertaken, nor is any planned\"; the study was released in 2007 (",[17,1212,486],{"href":485,"rel":160,"target":161},"). Press reports said volunteers guessed sealed envelopes and that the MoD found the technique of little value; those details were not checked against the report (",[64,1215],{"level":106},[17,1217,1219],{"href":1218,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.theregister.com\u002F2007\u002F02\u002F23\u002Fremote_viewing\u002F","The Register 2007",[28,1221,1223],{"id":1222},"us-psi-and-remote-viewing-programmes-19521995","US psi and remote-viewing programmes (1952–1995)",[599,1225,1227],{"id":1226},"early-interest-19521965","Early interest (1952–1965)",[618,1229,1230,1235,1242],{},[621,1231,1232,1233,610],{},"In 1952 Andrija Puharich lectured the Defense Department on \"the possible usefulness of extrasensory perception in psychological warfare\" (",[17,1234,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,1236,1237,1238,610],{},"In 1977 the Director of Central Intelligence, Admiral Turner, told the Senate that one of the 149 MKULTRA subprojects covered \"analysis of extrasensory perception\" (",[17,1239,1241],{"href":1240,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.prisonlegalnews.org\u002Fnews\u002Fpublications\u002Fprioject-mkultra-the-cias-program-of-research-in-behavioral-modification-1977-joint-hearing-before-us-senate\u002F","Senate 1977",[621,1243,1244,1245,1247,1248,610],{},"\"Under the auspices of Project ULTRA\", Stephen Abrams of Oxford's Parapsychological Laboratory wrote a review (draft dated 14 December 1965) claiming that \"ESP was demonstrated but not understood or controllable\" (",[17,1246,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},"). A Wellcome Collection file labelled \"MKULTRA subproject 136\" holds Abrams's own correspondence, not CIA records (",[17,1249,1251],{"href":1250,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwellcomecollection.org\u002Fworks\u002Fnvftmhd9","Wellcome Collection",[599,1253,1255],{"id":1254},"cia-and-sri-19721977","CIA and SRI (1972–1977)",[10,1257,1258,1259,1261],{},"The CIA's own history comes from Kenneth Kress, its project officer (",[17,1260,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},"):",[618,1263,1264,1267,1270,1273],{},[621,1265,1266],{},"In April 1972 Russell Targ of the Stanford Research Institute (SRI) met CIA officers and supplied films of Soviet psychokinesis.",[621,1268,1269],{},"An $874 demonstration with an SRI subject in August 1972 grew into a $50,000 effort by October 1972.",[621,1271,1272],{},"Pat Price joined the work in 1973. Price's remote viewing of a Soviet site at Semipalatinsk was \"at best inconclusive\" as proof.",[621,1274,1275],{},"Price died of a heart attack and \"the program stopped\". After that there were \"no further CIA-sponsored intelligence collection tests\".",[10,1277,1278,1279,1283,1284,1286,1287,1289,1290,610],{},"Harold Puthoff's account adds that Ingo Swann, an artist, spent a week at SRI in June 1972. It gives the first contract as an eight-month, $49,909 \"Biofield Measurements Program\", and dates the Semipalatinsk session to July 1974 (",[17,1280,1282],{"href":1281,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnewdualism.org\u002Fpapers\u002FH.Puthoff\u002FCIA-Initiated%20Remote%20Viewing%20At%20Stanford%20Research%20Institute.htm","Puthoff 1996","). In 1972–73 Swann and Price took part in \"Scanate (scanning by coordinate)\": remote viewing of sites given as geographic coordinates. Its results are programme accounts (",[64,1285],{"level":86},"), and the judging was later criticised (see below) (",[17,1288,1282],{"href":1281,"rel":160,"target":161},"). The AIR review states that the CIA programme ran from 1972 to 1977 (",[17,1291,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},[599,1293,1295],{"id":1294},"other-sponsors-of-sri","Other sponsors of SRI",[618,1297,1298,1306,1314],{},[621,1299,1300,1303,1304,610],{},[35,1301,1302],{},"Navy."," \"Minor funding was provided to SRI by Navy to replicate one of SRI's earlier experiments\". Then the Navy \"became very concerned about this research being 'mind warfare'-related\" and stopped the money (",[17,1305,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,1307,1308,1311,1312,610],{},[35,1309,1310],{},"Air Force and DARPA."," Funding moved to the Air Force Foreign Technology Division. A DARPA review panel was hostile (",[17,1313,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,1315,1316,1319,1320,610],{},[35,1317,1318],{},"Naval Electronic Systems Command and NASA."," Puthoff lists a Navy study of EEG correlates of remote viewing and a NASA study of a random-number generator (",[17,1321,1282],{"href":1281,"rel":160,"target":161},[599,1323,1325],{"id":1324},"army-and-dia-from-gondola-wish-to-star-gate","Army and DIA: from GONDOLA WISH to STAR GATE",[40,1327,1328,1341],{},[43,1329,1330],{},[46,1331,1332,1335,1338],{},[49,1333,1334],{},"Date",[49,1336,1337],{},"Event",[49,1339,1340],{},"Source",[56,1342,1343,1355,1372,1384,1398,1410,1422,1434,1446,1458,1472,1484,1496,1511],{},[46,1344,1345,1348,1351],{},[61,1346,1347],{},"1977",[61,1349,1350],{},"Army missile and materiel analysis agencies contract with SRI",[61,1352,1353],{},[17,1354,355],{"href":354,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1356,1357,1360,1368],{},[61,1358,1359],{},"Sep 1977",[61,1361,1362,1363,1367],{},"GONDOLA WISH: an operational-security study \"to mimic HOIS ",[1364,1365,1366],"span",{},"hostile intelligence services"," remote viewers\"",[61,1369,1370],{},[17,1371,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1373,1374,1377,1380],{},[61,1375,1376],{},"13 Jul 1978",[61,1378,1379],{},"GRILL FLAME set up; of 251 people considered, 117 interviewed and 6 selected",[61,1381,1382],{},[17,1383,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1385,1386,1389,1394],{},[61,1387,1388],{},"4 Sep 1979",[61,1390,1391,1392,163],{},"First operational session; the record claims a missing A-6E aircraft was located \"within a 15-nautical mile radius\" (",[64,1393],{"level":86},[61,1395,1396],{},[17,1397,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1399,1400,1403,1406],{},[61,1401,1402],{},"5 Mar 1980",[61,1404,1405],{},"The Perry memorandum restricts research funds",[61,1407,1408],{},[17,1409,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1411,1412,1415,1418],{},[61,1413,1414],{},"1 Oct 1982",[61,1416,1417],{},"Congress ends national intelligence funding",[61,1419,1420],{},[17,1421,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1423,1424,1427,1430],{},[61,1425,1426],{},"3 Dec 1982",[61,1428,1429],{},"INSCOM funds the work itself and renames it CENTER LANE",[61,1431,1432],{},[17,1433,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1435,1436,1439,1442],{},[61,1437,1438],{},"31 Mar 1983",[61,1440,1441],{},"Vice President Bush is briefed",[61,1443,1444],{},[17,1445,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1447,1448,1451,1454],{},[61,1449,1450],{},"Jun 1983",[61,1452,1453],{},"CENTER LANE becomes a Special Access Program",[61,1455,1456],{},[17,1457,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1459,1460,1463,1466],{},[61,1461,1462],{},"Apr 1984",[61,1464,1465],{},"Columnist Jack Anderson exposes the programme",[61,1467,1468],{},[17,1469,1471],{"href":1470,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Firp.fas.org\u002Fprogram\u002Fcollect\u002Fstargate.htm","FAS",[46,1473,1474,1477,1480],{},[61,1475,1476],{},"4 Oct 1984",[61,1478,1479],{},"CENTER LANE stops operational collection",[61,1481,1482],{},[17,1483,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1485,1486,1489,1492],{},[61,1487,1488],{},"7 Mar 1985",[61,1490,1491],{},"DIA takes operational control; the project becomes SUN STREAK",[61,1493,1494],{},[17,1495,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1497,1498,1501,1504],{},[61,1499,1500],{},"1990–91",[61,1502,1503],{},"Research moves to SAIC under Edwin May; the name STAR GATE follows",[61,1505,1506,1508,1509],{},[17,1507,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},", ",[17,1510,1471],{"href":1470,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1512,1513,1516,1519],{},[61,1514,1515],{},"FY 1995",[61,1517,1518],{},"Congress directs transfer to the CIA, which orders the AIR review",[61,1520,1521],{},[17,1522,1471],{"href":1470,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,1524,1525,1526,1528,1529,26],{},"A DIA briefing on SUN STREAK claimed that remote viewing \"is passive\", \"is inexpensive\" and that \"there is no known defense against it\" (",[17,1527,355],{"href":354,"rel":160,"target":161},"). These are ",[35,1530,311],{},[599,1532,1534],{"id":1533},"coordinate-remote-viewing","Coordinate Remote Viewing",[10,1536,1537,1538,610],{},"Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) is a six-stage written procedure. The DIA briefing says CRV training began in mid-1982 with SRI and was \"developed by Ingo Swann, an SRI subcontractor\". It splits the \"detection and decoding of psychic impressions\" into Stages 1 to 6, starting from geographic coordinates (",[17,1539,355],{"href":354,"rel":160,"target":161},[618,1541,1542,1562,1573],{},[621,1543,1544,1547,1548,1552,1553,1557,1558,610],{},[35,1545,1546],{},"Codified."," SRI's 1983 draft report on a 1981–1983 CRV training project (",[17,1549,1551],{"href":1550,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00787r000300140001-5","SRI 1983","), a February 1985 working paper (",[17,1554,1556],{"href":1555,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001000400001-7","CRV 1985",") and a 1 May 1986 DIA manual, drafted mainly by Paul H. Smith in about 30 copies (",[17,1559,1561],{"href":1560,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fcenterlane-rv.org\u002Fmanual","Center Lane Project",[621,1563,1564,1567,1568,1570,1571,610],{},[35,1565,1566],{},"Geomagnetic claim."," The 1983 draft has a section \"The Electromagnetic Connection\". It says an \"'eye-ball' scan\" showed a link between viewer performance and geomagnetic conditions (",[64,1569],{"level":86},"; no numbers given) (",[17,1572,1551],{"href":1550,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,1574,1575,1578,1579,610],{},[35,1576,1577],{},"Extended Remote Viewing"," (ERV), the other method, built on a 1970s consensus that remote viewing seemed \"facilitated by physical relaxation and enhanced internal attention\" (",[17,1580,355],{"href":354,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,1582,1583,1584,610],{},"No independent test has validated CRV. The 1995 review found the programme's operational reports \"inconsistent, inaccurate with regard to specifics\" and never used to guide intelligence operations (",[17,1585,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},[599,1587,1589],{"id":1588},"the-geophysical-effects-study-19831984","The Geophysical Effects Study (1983–1984)",[10,1591,1592,1593,610],{},"For INSCOM, SRI and the Time Research Institute compared scored remote-viewing sessions from May 1979 to August 1984 with solar, geomagnetic and ionospheric data, and with local ELF readings at 19 frequencies from 1 to 30 Hz. The study ran under the CENTER LANE Special Access Program (",[17,1594,1596],{"href":1595,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments2.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fcia\u002Fstargate\u002FSTARGATE%20%234%20176\u002FPart0003\u002FCIA-RDP96-00788R001800270001-4.pdf","Adams & Puthoff 1984",[618,1598,1599,1602,1605,1608],{},[621,1600,1601],{},"It reported \"significant correlations\" and a \"possible relationship\" with ELF between 10 and 30 Hz.",[621,1603,1604],{},"It suggested uses in forecasting performance and in \"defensive countermeasures\".",[621,1606,1607],{},"It cited Persinger's geophysical papers of 1973, 1975 and 1983 as part of its rationale.",[621,1609,1610],{},"The authors called it a pilot study.",[10,1612,1613,1614,1618,1619,610],{},"A 1987 paper by Hubbard and May, from inside the programme, criticised its use of global rather than local indices (",[17,1615,1617],{"href":1616,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fgala.gre.ac.uk\u002F17051\u002F7\u002F17051%20LUKE_Local_Geomagnetic_Activity_2014.pdf","Luke 2014","). No independent replication is known (",[64,1620],{"level":76},[599,1622,1624],{"id":1623},"early-critiques","Early critiques",[618,1626,1627,1642,1647],{},[621,1628,1629,1630,1633,1634,1638,1639,1641],{},"In ",[920,1631,1632],{},"Nature",", Marks and Kammann reported that their own repeat experiments \"do not verify\" SRI's conclusions (",[17,1635,1637],{"href":1636,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nature.com\u002Farticles\u002F274680a0.pdf","Marks & Kammann 1978","). Tart, Puthoff and Targ replied in ",[920,1640,1632],{}," 284:191 (1980).",[621,1643,1644,1645,610],{},"A 1984 National Research Council evaluation for the Army Research Institute was \"unfavorable\" (",[17,1646,1471],{"href":1470,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,1648,1649,1650,1653,1654,610],{},"The NRC's 1988 report ",[920,1651,1652],{},"Enhancing Human Performance",", requested by the Army Research Institute, found \"no scientific justification from research conducted over a period of 130 years for the existence of parapsychological phenomena\". It called the case for remote viewing \"not just very weak, but virtually nonexistent\" and found that \"Nothing approaching a scientific literature supports the claims for psychotronic weaponry\" (",[17,1655,399],{"href":398,"rel":160,"target":161},[599,1657,1659],{"id":1658},"civilian-research-institutions","Civilian research institutions",[10,1661,1662],{},"Civilian laboratories shared people and methods with the government programmes. No weapons role is documented for them.",[40,1664,1665,1677],{},[43,1666,1667],{},[46,1668,1669,1672,1674],{},[49,1670,1671],{},"Institution",[49,1673,128],{},[49,1675,1676],{},"Notes",[56,1678,1679,1694,1709,1723,1742],{},[46,1680,1681,1684,1687],{},[61,1682,1683],{},"Duke parapsychology (Rhine)",[61,1685,1686],{},"from 1930; moved to the Foundation for Research on the Nature of Man in 1965",[61,1688,1689,1690,163],{},"Later the Rhine Research Center (",[17,1691,1693],{"href":1692,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fexhibits.library.duke.edu\u002Fexhibits\u002Fshow\u002Fparapsychology\u002Fabout-the-exhibit","Duke Libraries",[46,1695,1696,1699,1702],{},[61,1697,1698],{},"Maimonides dream laboratory",[61,1700,1701],{},"studies 1964–1978",[61,1703,1704,1705,163],{},"13 formal and 3 pilot studies; replications mixed (",[17,1706,1708],{"href":1707,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpsi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk\u002Farticles\u002Fmaimonides-dream-telepathy-research\u002F","Psi Encyclopedia",[46,1710,1711,1714,1717],{},[61,1712,1713],{},"Institute of Noetic Sciences",[61,1715,1716],{},"founded 1973",[61,1718,1719,1720,163],{},"Founded by astronaut Edgar Mitchell (",[17,1721,1708],{"href":1722,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpsi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk\u002Farticles\u002Finstitute-noetic-sciences\u002F",[46,1724,1725,1728,1731],{},[61,1726,1727],{},"Princeton PEAR",[61,1729,1730],{},"1979–2007",[61,1732,1733,1734,1508,1738,163],{},"Its own three-lab replication \"failed by an order of magnitude\" to match earlier effects (",[17,1735,1737],{"href":1736,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.academia.edu\u002F6873653\u002FMind_Machine_Interaction_Consortium_PortREG_Replication_Experiments","Jahn et al. 2000",[17,1739,1741],{"href":1740,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nature.com\u002Fnews\u002F2007\u002F070212\u002Ffull\u002Fnews070212-6.html","Nature 2007",[46,1743,1744,1747,1749],{},[61,1745,1746],{},"Laurentian University (Persinger)",[61,1748,494],{},[61,1750,1751,1752,163],{},"Persinger died on 14 August 2018 (",[17,1753,1755],{"href":1754,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fsafs.ca\u002Fnewsletter\u002Fin-memoriam-michael-persinger-26-june-1945-14-august-2018\u002F","SAFS 2018",[10,1757,1758,1759,1761,1762,610],{},"Associative remote viewing (ARV) turns a description into a yes\u002Fno forecast. Harary and Targ claimed 9 of 9 correct silver-futures forecasts in 1982, and Puthoff 21 of 30 in 1984 (",[64,1760],{"level":86},"). The next year's repeat failed, one later project lost $52,186, and nine judges agreed unanimously in only 6.9 % of 86 trials (",[17,1763,1765],{"href":1764,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.koestler-parapsychology.psy.ed.ac.uk\u002FDocuments\u002FKPU_1034_Published_Results.pdf","Katz et al. 2021",[28,1767,1769],{"id":1768},"the-army-and-the-monroe-institute-19781984","The Army and the Monroe Institute (1978–1984)",[599,1771,1773],{"id":1772},"contacts-and-training","Contacts and training",[40,1775,1776,1786],{},[43,1777,1778],{},[46,1779,1780,1782,1784],{},[49,1781,1334],{},[49,1783,1337],{},[49,1785,1340],{},[56,1787,1788,1800,1814,1826,1840,1854,1870],{},[46,1789,1790,1793,1796],{},[61,1791,1792],{},"Apr–Jul 1978",[61,1794,1795],{},"Robert Monroe of the Monroe Institute of Applied Sciences (MIAS) is contacted about support for GONDOLA WISH",[61,1797,1798],{},[17,1799,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1801,1802,1805,1808],{},[61,1803,1804],{},"27 Oct 1978",[61,1806,1807],{},"An Army information paper says MIAS \"was briefly considered earlier this year\" to train three or four INSCOM subjects, and was rejected",[61,1809,1810],{},[17,1811,1813],{"href":1812,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001700210021-9","ACSI 1978",[46,1815,1816,1819,1822],{},[61,1817,1818],{},"Sep 1980",[61,1820,1821],{},"\"First GRILL FLAME operative attends Gateway Training at MIAS\"",[61,1823,1824],{},[17,1825,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,1827,1828,1831,1834],{},[61,1829,1830],{},"11 Sep 1980",[61,1832,1833],{},"INSCOM grants Monroe a SECRET clearance",[61,1835,1836],{},[17,1837,1839],{"href":1838,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001700210007-5","Atwater 1983",[46,1841,1842,1845,1848],{},[61,1843,1844],{},"18–26 Jun 1982",[61,1846,1847],{},"An Army warrant officer (CW2) attends an eight-day Gateway seminar and files a trip report",[61,1849,1850],{},[17,1851,1853],{"href":1852,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001700210017-4","Trip report 1982",[46,1855,1856,1859,1862],{},[61,1857,1858],{},"Jul 1983",[61,1860,1861],{},"Contract with Monroe for \"One-on-One\" training of a CENTER LANE viewer; $24,400 paid",[61,1863,1864,1508,1866],{},[17,1865,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[17,1867,1869],{"href":1868,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001700220013-7","INSCOM 1983",[46,1871,1872,1875,1878],{},[61,1873,1874],{},"13 Mar 1984",[61,1876,1877],{},"The Army cancels a MIAS seminar as a screening tool for viewers",[61,1879,1880],{},[17,1881,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,1883,1884,1885,1887,1888,610],{},"The sources disagree on when training began. The chronology lists a first attendee in September 1980. A 1983 memo by F. Holmes Atwater, then acting CENTER LANE project manager, dates in-house tape use from March 1982 and resident attendance from July 1982 (",[17,1886,1839],{"href":1838,"rel":160,"target":161},"). The earliest trip report is from June 1982 (",[17,1889,1853],{"href":1852,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,1891,1892,1893,1896,1897,1899,1900,610],{},"Joseph McMoneagle's memoir ",[920,1894,1895],{},"Mind Trek"," (1993) describes his own remote viewing. He writes that he met Monroe in October 1979, that after about a year with Hemi-Sync tapes his pre-session \"cool-down\" fell from hours to three to five minutes, and that Hemi-Sync \"doesn't necessarily improve the quality\" of the viewing (",[64,1898],{"level":96},"). The book gives no year for his own Gateway attendance; the Psi Encyclopedia says he took a Gateway course in 1982 (",[17,1901,1903],{"href":1902,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpsi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk\u002Farticles\u002Frobert-monroe\u002F","Psi Encyclopedia: Monroe",[599,1905,1907],{"id":1906},"mcdonnells-analysis-and-assessment-of-gateway-process-1983","McDonnell's \"Analysis and Assessment of Gateway Process\" (1983)",[10,1909,1910,1911,610],{},"Lieutenant Colonel McDonnell of the Army's INSCOM Operational Group at Fort Meade wrote the report on 9 June 1983. His cover memo calls it a guide for \"USAINSCOM personnel who are required to take the Gateway training\" (",[17,1912,1914],{"href":1913,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00788R001700210016-5.pdf","McDonnell 1983",[618,1916,1917,1925,1931],{},[621,1918,1919,1922,1923,610],{},[35,1920,1921],{},"What it is."," A theoretical essay, not an experiment. It explains Hemi-Sync and out-of-body states with Itzhak Bentov's models, holography and popular physics (",[64,1924],{"level":86},[621,1926,1927,1930],{},[35,1928,1929],{},"What it claims."," Gateway training brings \"enhanced strength, focus and coherence to the amplitude and frequency of brainwave output between the left and right hemispheres\". The body can be made to vibrate \"coherently at approximately 7-7.5 cycles per second\" in step with the Earth. Fewer than 5 % of participants reach \"Focus 15\" during the roughly seven-day course. The report presents no data for any of this.",[621,1932,1933,1936],{},[35,1934,1935],{},"What it recommends."," A phased Army programme of Hemi-Sync tapes, sleep-stage sounds, self-hypnosis and out-of-body training.",[10,1938,1939,1940,1944,1945,312,1948,1952,1953,610],{},"The CIA released it in 2003 without page 25 (",[17,1941,1943],{"href":1942,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocumentarchive\u002Fstargate-collection-analysis-and-assessment-of-gateway-process-9-june-1983\u002F","The Black Vault","). In 2021 the Monroe Institute supplied the missing page to ",[920,1946,1947],{},"Vice",[17,1949,1951],{"href":1950,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.vice.com\u002Fen\u002Farticle\u002Ffound-page-25-of-the-cias-gateway-report-on-astral-projection\u002F","Vice 2021","). A full copy on the Internet Archive shows that page 25 ends a discussion of religious symbols and adds two short paragraphs, \"Left Brain Limitations\" and \"Self Knowledge\". It holds no secrets (",[17,1954,1956],{"href":1955,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fcia-gateway","Internet Archive",[599,1958,1960],{"id":1959},"independent-evaluation","Independent evaluation",[618,1962,1963,1968,1975,1982],{},[621,1964,1965,1966,610],{},"The NRC's 1988 review found that \"binaural beats are not a cortical phenomenon\". It found \"no evidence that frequency following the stimuli employed in Hemi-Sync exists\". Support for Hemi-Sync \"does not meet generally accepted criteria for scientific evidence\" (",[17,1967,399],{"href":398,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,1969,1970,1971,610],{},"Atwater, by then writing for the Monroe Institute, conceded in 1997 that \"there is no effect-mechanism\" for the frequency-following explanation (",[17,1972,1974],{"href":1973,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fsoundhealingresearchfoundation.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2021\u002F12\u002FI.-Accessing-Anomalous-States-of-Consciousness-with-a-Binaural-Beat-Technology.pdf","Atwater 1997",[621,1976,1977,1978,610],{},"Monroe patented binaural-beat methods, for example a 4 Hz beat from 100 and 104 Hz tones (",[17,1979,1981],{"href":1980,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpatents.google.com\u002Fpatent\u002FUS5213562A","Monroe 1993",[621,1983,1984,1985,1989,1990,610],{},"Modern reviews find inconsistent EEG entrainment by binaural beats: 5 of 14 studies supportive (",[17,1986,1988],{"href":1987,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fjournals.plos.org\u002Fplosone\u002Farticle?id=10.1371\u002Fjournal.pone.0286023","Ingendoh et al. 2023","). Behavioural effects are modest, with g = 0.45 in one meta-analysis (",[17,1991,1993],{"href":1992,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F30073406\u002F","Garcia-Argibay et al. 2019",[10,1995,1996,1997,26],{},"The Gateway tapes, workbooks and affirmation are copyrighted and are not reproduced in this project; see ",[17,1998,2000],{"href":1999},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fguides","GUIDES.md",[28,2002,2004],{"id":2003},"the-1995-air-evaluation-utts-versus-hyman","The 1995 AIR evaluation: Utts versus Hyman",[10,2006,2007,2008,610],{},"In 1995 the CIA asked the American Institutes for Research (AIR) to evaluate the programme. The report, by Mumford, Rose and Goslin, is dated 29 September 1995 (",[17,2009,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},[618,2011,2012,2018,2024],{},[621,2013,2014,2017],{},[35,2015,2016],{},"Laboratory."," Hits occurred more often than chance, but the cause was unclear. The same viewers, judge and targets were reused, and agreement between judges was not checked.",[621,2019,2020,2023],{},[35,2021,2022],{},"Operations."," End users found the reports \"inconsistent, inaccurate with regard to specifics\". \"In no case had the information provided ever been used to guide intelligence operations.\" \"Continued use of remote viewing in intelligence gathering operations is not warranted.\"",[621,2025,2026,2029],{},[35,2027,2028],{},"Scores."," By 1 May 1995 three viewers had answered 40 tasks from five organisations. Accuracy clustered at 2–3 on a 6-point scale where 1 is best; value clustered at 3–4 on a 5-point scale, with no scores of 1.",[10,2031,2032,2033,1261],{},"The report included two outside reviews (",[17,2034,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},[40,2036,2037,2049],{},[43,2038,2039],{},[46,2040,2041,2043,2046],{},[49,2042],{},[49,2044,2045],{},"Jessica Utts",[49,2047,2048],{},"Ray Hyman",[56,2050,2051,2070,2081],{},[46,2052,2053,2056,2063],{},[61,2054,2055],{},"Verdict",[61,2057,2058,2059,163],{},"Psychic functioning is \"well established\" (",[17,2060,2062],{"href":2061,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ics.uci.edu\u002F~jutts\u002Fair","Utts 1995",[61,2064,2065,2066,163],{},"Effects are real but a paranormal cause is not shown (",[17,2067,2069],{"href":2068,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ics.uci.edu\u002F~jutts\u002Fhyman.html","Hyman 1995",[46,2071,2072,2075,2078],{},[61,2073,2074],{},"Data",[61,2076,2077],{},"Effect size 0.209 over 770 SRI sessions and 0.230 over 455 SAIC sessions",[61,2079,2080],{},"The SAIC effects are \"too large and consistent to be dismissed as statistical flukes\"",[46,2082,2083,2086,2089],{},[61,2084,2085],{},"Objections",[61,2087,2088],{},"—",[61,2090,2091],{},"One person, Ed May, was \"the sole judge in all the free response experiments\"; viewers and targets were reused; existence needs boundary conditions",[10,2093,2094,2095,2097,2098,2100,2101,610],{},"The laboratory statistics come from essentially one research group (",[64,2096],{"level":76},"). The operational value is a ",[64,2099],{"level":86}," the review did not support. Edwin May disputed the review in 1996 (",[17,2102,2104],{"href":2103,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fsydney.theosophicalsociety.org.au\u002Funion_index\u002Fentries\u002F53570","May 1996",[10,2106,2107,2108,2110,2111,26],{},"SAIC also looked for brain signatures of remote viewing. A magnetoencephalography (MEG) study \"would not be able to detect a signal even if it existed\", and an EEG study found \"No significant change in alpha\" (",[17,2109,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},"). No validated brain marker of remote viewing exists; see ",[17,2112,2114],{"href":2113},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fbrain-view","BRAIN_VIEW.md",[10,2116,2117,2118,2120,2121,610],{},"The CIA declassified SRI documents in July 1995 (",[17,2119,1282],{"href":1281,"rel":160,"target":161},"). In January 2017 it put more than 12 million pages of its CREST database online, including the STAR GATE files (",[17,2122,2124],{"href":2123,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.smithsonianmag.com\u002Fsmart-news\u002Fover-12-million-pages-cia-documents-are-now-accessible-online-180961846\u002F","Smithsonian 2017",[28,2126,2128],{"id":2127},"persingers-laboratory-documented-links-and-rumours","Persinger's laboratory: documented links and rumours",[599,2130,37],{"id":2131},"documented",[618,2133,2134,2152,2160,2170,2178],{},[621,2135,2136,2139,2140,2144,2145,2147,2148,2151],{},[35,2137,2138],{},"Navy money, once."," Persinger wrote that \"except for $10,000 given to us in 1983 by a researcher (from the U.S. Navy) who was interested in magnetic fields and brain activity\", he paid for his work himself (",[17,2141,2143],{"href":2142,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.waves.lima-city.de\u002Fdok\u002FAccessing%20Every%20Human%20Brain%20-%20M.%20Persinger.pdf","Persinger 1995, online copy","). His CV lists \"1983 ... U.S. Navy, Surface Weapons Research Branch: Magnetic Field Effects on Mast Cell Degranulation: $10,000\" (",[17,2146,909],{"href":908,"rel":160,"target":161},"). A 1999 Persinger letter, quoted second-hand in the web compilation ",[920,2149,2150],{},"Cosmic Cointelpro Timeline",", credits Eldon Byrd for the money and describes a rat study with 0.5 Hz rotating fields whose effect was \"small but statistically significant\".",[621,2153,2154,2157,2158,610],{},[35,2155,2156],{},"The NAS ELF committee."," Persinger was a consultant in 1976–77 (see above) (",[17,2159,162],{"href":904,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,2161,2162,2165,2166,610],{},[35,2163,2164],{},"Papers in the CIA files."," The STAR GATE \"Canada experiments\" folder holds his paper on dream telepathy and geomagnetic activity (",[17,2167,2169],{"href":2168,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002FCIA-RDP96-00792R000400030001-0","CIA STAR GATE files",[621,2171,2172,2175,2176,610],{},[35,2173,2174],{},"Cited by an Army study."," The 1984 Geophysical Effects Study cites three of his papers (",[17,2177,1596],{"href":1595,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,2179,2180,2183,2184,2188,2189,26],{},[35,2181,2182],{},"Ingo Swann, 1998."," On 11–14 August 1998 the lab tested the former SRI viewer. Swann received six 5-minute counter-clockwise fields of 2–5 µT from eight solenoids in a horizontal ring, three with a burst-firing pattern and three with the \"Thomas\" pattern, and then did hidden-target trials. Bursts of 7 Hz activity over the back of the head correlated with blind accuracy ratings (rho about 0.5) (",[17,2185,2187],{"href":2186,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2466\u002Fpms.94.3.927-949","Persinger et al. 2002","). One subject, unblinded exposure, post-hoc correlations: ",[64,2190],{"level":76},[599,2192,2194],{"id":2193},"not-documented","Not documented",[618,2196,2197,2230,2243,2255],{},[621,2198,2199,2202,2203,2206,2207,2210,2211,2214,2215,2218,2219,2222,2223,2227,2228,610],{},[35,2200,2201],{},"\"Sleeping Beauty\"."," The story that Persinger worked for the national-security establishment on a project of that name goes back to the journalist Glenn Krawczyk: a 1993 ",[920,2204,2205],{},"Nexus"," article (as cited by others) and a December 1994 letter in ",[920,2208,2209],{},"New Scientist",", summarised in the ",[920,2212,2213],{},"MUFON UFO Journal"," of January 1995. Colin Ross's ",[920,2216,2217],{},"The CIA Doctors"," says he was \"apparently funded by the Defense Intelligence Agency\" under that cryptonym, cites Schnabel's ",[920,2220,2221],{},"Remote Viewers"," (1997), and reports that FOIA requests \"yielded denial that such a program exists\" (",[17,2224,2226],{"href":2225,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fanomalyarchives.org\u002Fcollections\u002Ffile\u002Fpersinger-michael\u002F","Anomaly Archives","). In Ross's quotation, Schnabel calls Sleeping Beauty \"a Defense Department study of remote microwave mind-influencing techniques\"; this research found no documented link from it to Persinger. No contract, grant or declassified record has been found (",[64,2229],{"level":106},[621,2231,2232,2235,2236,2238,2239,1508,2241,610],{},[35,2233,2234],{},"\"Informal SRI consultant\"."," This label appears only in web compilations (",[64,2237],{"level":106},"). His documented links to SRI are indirect: an SRI study cited his papers, and he later tested a former SRI viewer (",[17,2240,1596],{"href":1595,"rel":160,"target":161},[17,2242,2187],{"href":2186,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,2244,2245,2248,2249,2252,2253,610],{},[35,2246,2247],{},"NSA funding."," The book ",[920,2250,2251],{},"Mass Control"," (ch. 25, \"The Persinger Plan\") says Persinger was \"funded by the Navy and, reportedly, the National Security Agency\". Only the Navy part is supported (",[64,2254],{"level":106},[621,2256,2257,2260,2261,2265,2266,2269,2270,2274,2275,2277],{},[35,2258,2259],{},"Eldon Byrd's roles."," A 1986 article credits a bibliography to \"Eldon Byrd of the Office of Surface Weaponry\" (",[17,2262,2264],{"href":2263,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bobbeck.com\u002Fpdfs\u002Fbeck-article-mood-modification-with-elf.pdf","Beck 1986","). A 1997 magazine interview (Pasternak, \"Wonder Weapons\", ",[920,2267,2268],{},"US News & World Report",") says he ran a Marine Corps non-lethal electromagnetic weapons project from 1980 to 1983. A 1993 newspaper report calls him \"a parapsychologist from Fort Washington\" and does not mention the Navy (",[17,2271,2273],{"href":2272,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.baltimoresun.com\u002F1993\u002F05\u002F23\u002Famazing-randi-is-target-of-libel-suit\u002F","Baltimore Sun 1993","). No Navy technical report by Byrd was found. His Navy and Marine Corps roles are ",[35,2276,311],{},"; only his part in Persinger's 1983 grant rests on Persinger's own (second-hand) statement.",[28,2279,2281],{"id":2280},"on-the-possibility-of-directly-accessing-every-human-brain-1995","\"On the possibility of directly accessing every human brain\" (1995)",[10,2283,2284,2285,2288,2289,610],{},"Persinger's 1995 paper in ",[920,2286,2287],{},"Perceptual and Motor Skills"," is a theoretical essay with no new experiment (",[17,2290,2292],{"href":2291,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F7567396\u002F","Persinger 1995",[618,2294,2295,2306,2324],{},[621,2296,2297,2300,2301,2303,2304,26],{},[35,2298,2299],{},"Its argument."," Brain \"codes\" in temporal and limbic regions might be stimulated by EM patterns \"within the range of both geomagnetic activity and contemporary communication networks\". It names the parahippocampal and entorhinal cortices and the anterior superior temporal gyrus as the most likely sites. His lab's own patterns were usually applied at \"less than 10 milligauss (1 microT)\" (",[17,2302,2143],{"href":2142,"rel":160,"target":161},"). All of this is ",[64,2305],{"level":86},[621,2307,2308,2311,2312,2316,2317,2321,2322,26],{},[35,2309,2310],{},"A disputed sentence."," The key sentence about influencing \"the approximately six billion brains\" differs between transcriptions. One reads \"without mediation through classical sensory modalities\" (",[17,2313,2315],{"href":2314,"rel":160,"target":161},"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.whale.to\u002Fb\u002Fpersinger.html","whale.to copy","); another reads \"through classical sensory modalities\" (",[17,2318,2320],{"href":2319,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.livingplanet.be\u002Fpersinger.pdf","livingplanet.be copy","). The printed wording is ",[64,2323],{"level":106},[621,2325,2326,2329],{},[35,2327,2328],{},"Its closing call."," Both copies end by asking for \"the continued and open discussion of their realistic feasibility and implications within the scientific and public domain\".",[10,2331,2332,2333,2335,2336,2340,2341,2343,2344,610],{},"Later writers read the paper as proof of an existing mass-influence technology. The book ",[920,2334,2251],{}," presents it as revealing \"just how far mind monitoring and influence has progressed\". A MENSA newsletter quoted it and said the government \"has totally denied the existence of this technology\" (",[17,2337,2339],{"href":2338,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fbibliotecapleyades.net\u002Fsociopolitica\u002Fesp_sociopol_mindcon30b.htm","Resonance, reproduced","). Many \"targeted individual\" web pages cite it. These are examples of use (",[64,2342],{"level":96},"), not evidence of any capability. The belief has real costs: one study estimates that up to 0.66 % of women and 0.17 % of men experience being \"gang-stalked\", with serious consequences (",[17,2345,2347],{"href":2346,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F32268595\u002F","Sheridan et al. 2020",[28,2349,2351],{"id":2350},"the-god-helmet-replication-controversy-19972019","The God Helmet replication controversy (1997–2019)",[10,2353,2354,2355,2359,2360,2364,2365,2303,2367,26],{},"Persinger's lab reported \"sensed presences\" from weak fields over the temporal lobes. In one study 9 of 15 volunteers exposed to 1 µT field bursts or sham fields reported one; the abstract does not separate the two conditions (",[17,2356,2358],{"href":2357,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F9347559\u002F","Cook & Persinger 1997","). A double-blind study of 48 people found more presences with right-sided or bilateral fields than with left-sided or sham fields (",[17,2361,2363],{"href":2362,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F12193838\u002F","Persinger & Healey 2002","). The lab described responses in \"up to 80%\" of subjects (",[17,2366,509],{"href":508,"rel":160,"target":161},[64,2368],{"level":76},[40,2370,2371,2382],{},[43,2372,2373],{},[46,2374,2375,2377,2380],{},[49,2376,692],{},[49,2378,2379],{},"Design",[49,2381,698],{},[56,2383,2384,2397,2415,2431,2448,2462,2477,2491,2505],{},[46,2385,2386,2389,2392],{},[61,2387,2388],{},"Granqvist et al. 2005, Uppsala\u002FLund",[61,2390,2391],{},"Double-blind, sham-controlled, N = 89, Persinger-type fields",[61,2393,2394,2395,163],{},"\"no evidence for any effects of the magnetic fields, neither in the entire group, nor in individuals high in suggestibility\"; suggestibility traits predicted reports (",[17,2396,509],{"href":508,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,2398,2399,2402,2405],{},[61,2400,2401],{},"Persinger & Koren 2005",[61,2403,2404],{},"Reply",[61,2406,2407,2408,1508,2411,163],{},"Not a valid replication; secondary summaries say they cited too-short exposure and wrong field timing (",[17,2409,2401],{"href":2410,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F15862915\u002F",[17,2412,2414],{"href":2413,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpeople.bu.edu\u002Fwwildman\u002Frelexp\u002Freviews\u002Freview_granqvist_persinger01.htm","Wildman",[46,2416,2417,2420,2423],{},[61,2418,2419],{},"Larsson et al. 2005",[61,2421,2422],{},"Reply to the reply",[61,2424,2425,2426,1508,2429,163],{},"Defended the study, which used Persinger's own equipment (",[17,2427,2419],{"href":2428,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Flup.lub.lu.se\u002Frecord\u002F239998",[17,2430,2414],{"href":2413,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,2432,2433,2436,2439],{},[61,2434,2435],{},"St-Pierre & Persinger 2006",[61,2437,2438],{},"Re-analysis of 19 in-house experiments, 407 subjects",[61,2440,2441,2442,2444,2445,163],{},"Field configurations, not beliefs or suggestibility, were responsible (",[64,2443],{"level":76},", post hoc) (",[17,2446,2435],{"href":2447,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F16861170\u002F",[46,2449,2450,2453,2456],{},[61,2451,2452],{},"Granqvist & Larsson 2006",[61,2454,2455],{},"Re-analysis of the 2005 data",[61,2457,2458,2459,163],{},"Religiousness predicted religious-quality experiences (",[17,2460,2452],{"href":2461,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F16967739\u002F",[46,2463,2464,2467,2470],{},[61,2465,2466],{},"French et al. 2009, \"Haunt\"",[61,2468,2469],{},"Room-scale fields and infrasound, 2 × 2 design, N = 79",[61,2471,2472,2473,163],{},"Sensations \"unrelated to experimental condition\" (",[17,2474,2476],{"href":2475,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F18635163\u002F","French et al. 2009",[46,2478,2479,2482,2485],{},[61,2480,2481],{},"Gendle & McGrath 2012",[61,2483,2484],{},"Randomised, placebo-controlled test of the commercial 8-coil Shakti, N = 37",[61,2486,2487,2488,163],{},"No effect on emotional ratings (",[17,2489,2481],{"href":2490,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22582690\u002F",[46,2492,2493,2496,2499],{},[61,2494,2495],{},"Tinoco & Ortiz 2014",[61,2497,2498],{},"Unblinded partial replication, N = 20",[61,2500,2501,2502,163],{},"No difference during sessions (",[17,2503,2495],{"href":2504,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jcer.com\u002Findex.php\u002Fjcj\u002Farticle\u002FviewFile\u002F361\u002F386",[46,2506,2507,2510,2513],{},[61,2508,2509],{},"Sham-helmet studies, 2014–2019",[61,2511,2512],{},"Helmets that are never switched on",[61,2514,2515,2516,1508,2520,1508,2524,1508,2528,163],{},"Expectation, absorption and belief produce the experiences (",[17,2517,2519],{"href":2518,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdare.uva.nl\u002Fid\u002Feb90400b-9a27-4892-9891-e2797972ccb4","van Elk 2014",[17,2521,2523],{"href":2522,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F30355534\u002F","Maij & van Elk 2018",[17,2525,2527],{"href":2526,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1080\u002F2153599x.2017.1403952","Maij et al. 2019",[17,2529,2531],{"href":2530,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1177\u002F0276236617749185","Simmonds-Moore et al.",[10,2533,2534,2535,2539,2540,2544,2545,2549,2550,610],{},"Persinger said of the Swedish study: \"They didn't replicate it, not even close\" (",[17,2536,2538],{"href":2537,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nature.com\u002Fnews\u002F2004\u002F041206\u002Ffull\u002Fnews041206-10.html","Khamsi 2004","). The dispute was never settled. In 2019 van Elk reported that the data of one unpublished student sham-helmet study \"had been faked\"; this does not concern the published studies above (",[17,2541,2543],{"href":2542,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1080\u002F10508619.2019.1687189","van Elk 2019","). Felt presences can be produced without weak fields: by electrical stimulation of the temporoparietal junction (",[17,2546,2548],{"href":2547,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F16988702\u002F","Arzy et al. 2006",") or by a robot that creates sensorimotor conflict (",[17,2551,2553],{"href":2552,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F25447995\u002F","Blanke et al. 2014",[10,2555,2556,2557,2559,2560,26],{},"Verdict: a field-specific God Helmet effect is ",[64,2558],{"level":76},". That sham helmets produce such experiences is ",[64,2561],{"level":66},[28,2563,2565],{"id":2564},"havana-syndrome-and-anomalous-health-incidents-20182025","Havana syndrome and anomalous health incidents (2018–2025)",[10,2567,2568,2569,2573],{},"US government staff abroad reported sudden sounds or pressure, sometimes in one ear, with vertigo and ear pain (",[17,2570,2572],{"href":2571,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.dni.gov\u002Ffiles\u002FODNI\u002Fdocuments\u002Fassessments\u002F2022_02_01_AHI_Executive_Summary_FINAL_Redacted.pdf","IC Experts Panel 2022","). The official assessments disagree.",[40,2575,2576,2589],{},[43,2577,2578],{},[46,2579,2580,2583,2586],{},[49,2581,2582],{},"Year",[49,2584,2585],{},"Body",[49,2587,2588],{},"Finding",[56,2590,2591,2606,2621,2634,2647,2662],{},[46,2592,2593,2596,2599],{},[61,2594,2595],{},"2018",[61,2597,2598],{},"JASON",[61,2600,2601,2602,163],{},"Matched the Cuba sound recordings to crickets (",[17,2603,2605],{"href":2604,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.buzzfeednews.com\u002Fdanvergano\u002Fhavana-syndrome-jason-crickets","BuzzFeed News",[46,2607,2608,2611,2614],{},[61,2609,2610],{},"2020",[61,2612,2613],{},"National Academies (requested by State)",[61,2615,2616,2617,163],{},"\"directed, pulsed radio frequency energy appears to be the most plausible mechanism\"; others not ruled out (",[17,2618,2620],{"href":2619,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nationalacademies.org\u002Fnews\u002F2020\u002F12\u002Fnew-report-assesses-illnesses-among-us-government-personnel-and-their-families-at-overseas-embassies","NASEM 2020",[46,2622,2623,2626,2629],{},[61,2624,2625],{},"2022",[61,2627,2628],{},"IC Experts Panel",[61,2630,2631,2632,163],{},"\"Pulsed electromagnetic energy, particularly in the radiofrequency range, plausibly explains the core characteristics\"; ultrasound only at close range; \"a dearth of systematic research\" (",[17,2633,2572],{"href":2571,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,2635,2636,2639,2642],{},[61,2637,2638],{},"2023",[61,2640,2641],{},"Intelligence Community Assessment",[61,2643,2644,2645,163],{},"Most components judge a foreign adversary \"very unlikely\" to be responsible (",[17,2646,530],{"href":529,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,2648,2649,2652,2655],{},[61,2650,2651],{},"2024",[61,2653,2654],{},"NIH (JAMA)",[61,2656,2657,2658,163],{},"No significant MRI or biomarker differences (MRI: 81 participants against 48 controls); fatigue, depression and PTSD were higher (",[17,2659,2661],{"href":2660,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fradiologybusiness.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fmedical-imaging\u002Fmagnetic-resonance-imaging-mri\u002Fnih-study-finds-no-evidence-havana-syndrome-brains-affected-individuals","Radiology Business",[46,2663,2664,2667,2670],{},[61,2665,2666],{},"2025",[61,2668,2669],{},"Updated assessment",[61,2671,2672,2673,163],{},"Five components still \"very unlikely\"; two moved to \"roughly even chance\" (low confidence); medical research does \"not have a consistent set of physical injuries\" (",[17,2674,530],{"href":529,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,2676,2677,2678,2682],{},"An Army intelligence addendum from 1998, often misattributed to the Air Force Research Laboratory, speculated about non-lethal uses of microwave hearing. For one concept it admitted that \"there were no open literature reports from which to make inferences\" (",[17,2679,2681],{"href":2680,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fcia-and-ussr-research-on-electromagnetic-frequencies-collection\u002F%5BArmy%5D%20Bioeffects%20of%20Selected%20Nonlethal%20Weapons.pdf","NGIC 1998","). The Army released it under FOIA in 2006.",[10,2684,2685,2686,610],{},"The proposed mechanisms are pulsed radio-frequency energy or ultrasound acting on the inner ear, a cranial nerve or the brainstem. Microtesla ELF coils are neither (",[17,2687,2572],{"href":2571,"rel":160,"target":161},[28,2689,2691],{"id":2690},"darpa-jason-and-the-national-academies-20082019","DARPA, JASON and the National Academies (2008–2019)",[618,2693,2694,2708,2718,2730,2735,2749],{},[621,2695,2696,2699,2700,2704,2705,610],{},[35,2697,2698],{},"DARPA RAM"," (Restoring Active Memory, announced July 2014) funded memory prostheses (",[17,2701,2703],{"href":2702,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.livescience.com\u002F46710-military-memory-brain-implants.html","Live Science 2014","); the programme is complete (",[17,2706,2698],{"href":2707,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.darpa.mil\u002Fresearch\u002Fprograms\u002Frestoring-active-memory",[621,2709,2710,2713,2714,610],{},[35,2711,2712],{},"DARPA NESD"," (Neural Engineering System Design) made awards to six teams in July 2017 for a high-resolution implanted neural interface (",[17,2715,2717],{"href":2716,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.darpa.mil\u002Fnews\u002F2017\u002Fmplantable-neural-interface","DARPA 2017",[621,2719,2720,2723,2724,2726,2727,610],{},[35,2721,2722],{},"DARPA N3"," (Next-Generation Nonsurgical Neurotechnology) funded six teams in May 2019. They use magnetic nanotransducers, ultrasound, optics, magnetogenetics and optically pumped magnetometers (",[17,2725,551],{"href":550,"rel":160,"target":161},"). The target was 16 independent channels within 16 mm³ of tissue, within 50 ms (",[17,2728,2722],{"href":2729,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.darpa.mil\u002Fresearch\u002Fprograms\u002Fnext-generation-nonsurgical-neurotechnology",[621,2731,2732,2733,610],{},"None of these programmes uses weak microtesla ELF fields of the God Helmet kind (",[17,2734,551],{"href":550,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,2736,2737,2744,2745,610],{},[35,2738,2739,2740,2743],{},"JASON, ",[920,2741,2742],{},"Human Performance"," (March 2008)."," It found that \"the most immediate human performance factor in military effectiveness is degradation of performance under stressful conditions, particularly sleep deprivation\" (",[17,2746,2748],{"href":2747,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Ffas.org\u002Fpublication\u002Fjason_warns\u002F","FAS 2008",[621,2750,2751,2758,2759,610],{},[35,2752,2753,2754,2757],{},"NRC, ",[920,2755,2756],{},"Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies"," (2008)."," Sponsored by the DIA, it reviewed brain imaging, the detection of mental states and drugs that alter cognition (",[17,2760,2762],{"href":2761,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fnap.nationalacademies.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F12177\u002Femerging-cognitive-neuroscience-and-related-technologies","NRC 2008",[10,2764,2765,2766,610],{},"A JASON report titled \"Impact of Neuroscience on National Security\" (2008) is sometimes cited. No report with that title could be found (",[64,2767],{"level":106},[28,2769,2771],{"id":2770},"nato-and-cognitive-warfare-20212022","NATO and \"cognitive warfare\" (2021–2022)",[10,2773,2774,2775,2777,2778,2782,2783,2785],{},"A study sponsored by NATO Allied Command Transformation's Innovation Hub proposes that NATO recognise \"the Human Domain\" as a sixth operational domain. It says \"the cognitive field will be one of tomorrow's battlefields\" and discusses \"neuro-weapons\". Its disclaimer says its views \"do not reflect those of ACT or its member Nations\" (",[17,2776,572],{"href":571,"rel":160,"target":161},"). A first NATO scientific meeting on cognitive warfare took place in Bordeaux on 21 June 2021 (",[17,2779,2781],{"href":2780,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Finnovationhub-act.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2023\u002F12\u002FCognitive-Warfare-Symposium-ENSC-March-2022-Publication.pdf","NATO symposium 2022","). The study is a policy argument (",[64,2784],{"level":86},"), not evidence of a working neuro-weapon.",[28,2787,2789],{"id":2788},"health-and-standards-bodies","Health and standards bodies",[10,2791,2792],{},"These bodies wrote the limits this project uses. Their history overlaps with the military story: work on the C95.1 exposure standard, now IEEE's, began in 1960 with the US Navy as a co-sponsor.",[40,2794,2795,2806],{},[43,2796,2797],{},[46,2798,2799,2801,2803],{},[49,2800,2585],{},[49,2802,2582],{},[49,2804,2805],{},"What it says",[56,2807,2808,2823,2836,2851,2865,2882,2897,2912],{},[46,2809,2810,2813,2816],{},[61,2811,2812],{},"IEEE C95.1",[61,2814,2815],{},"from 1960",[61,2817,2818,2819,163],{},"Began under \"co-sponsorship of the US Department of the Navy\" (",[17,2820,2822],{"href":2821,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fw.mriquestions.com\u002Fuploads\u002F3\u002F4\u002F5\u002F7\u002F34572113\u002Fieee_standards_08910342.pdf","IEEE 2019",[46,2824,2825,2828,2831],{},[61,2826,2827],{},"WHO EMF Project",[61,2829,2830],{},"1996",[61,2832,2833,2834,163],{},"WHO set up the International EMF Project (",[17,2835,593],{"href":592,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,2837,2838,2841,2844],{},[61,2839,2840],{},"IARC Monograph 80",[61,2842,2843],{},"2002",[61,2845,2846,2847,163],{},"ELF magnetic fields are \"possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B)\", based on \"limited evidence in humans ... in relation to childhood leukaemia\"; static fields and ELF electric fields are Group 3 (",[17,2848,2850],{"href":2849,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpublications.iarc.who.int\u002Fdownload\u002Fmono80.pdf","IARC 2002",[46,2852,2853,2856,2858],{},[61,2854,2855],{},"IEEE C95.6",[61,2857,2843],{},[61,2859,2860,2861,163],{},"Brain limit of 5.89 mV\u002Fm induced electric field for the general public up to 20 Hz (",[17,2862,2864],{"href":2863,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sandiegocounty.gov\u002Fcontent\u002Fdam\u002Fsdc\u002Fpds\u002Fceqa\u002FSoitec-Documents\u002FFinal-EIR-Files\u002Freferences\u002Frtcref\u002Fch9.0\u002FRTCrefappx\u002F2014-12-19_IEEE2002.pdf","IEEE 2002",[46,2866,2867,2870,2873],{},[61,2868,2869],{},"WHO EHC 238",[61,2871,2872],{},"2007",[61,2874,2875,2876,1508,2878,163],{},"Acute effects established only at high levels, \"well above 100 µT\"; the childhood leukaemia link is \"not strong enough to be considered causal\" (",[17,2877,593],{"href":592,"rel":160,"target":161},[17,2879,2881],{"href":2880,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fpublications\u002Fi\u002Fitem\u002F9789241572385","EHC 238",[46,2883,2884,2887,2890],{},[61,2885,2886],{},"ICNIRP",[61,2888,2889],{},"2010",[61,2891,2892,2893,163],{},"General-public reference levels: 200 µT at 25–400 Hz, 500 µT at 10 Hz, 27 µT from 3 kHz; the basic restriction for the brain is 10 mV\u002Fm at 10–25 Hz (",[17,2894,2896],{"href":2895,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.icnirp.org\u002Fcms\u002Fupload\u002Fpublications\u002FICNIRPLFgdl.pdf","ICNIRP 2010",[46,2898,2899,2902,2905],{},[61,2900,2901],{},"IARC",[61,2903,2904],{},"2011",[61,2906,2907,2908,163],{},"Radio-frequency fields also Group 2B (",[17,2909,2911],{"href":2910,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.iarc.who.int\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2018\u002F07\u002Fpr208_E.pdf","IARC 2011",[46,2913,2914,2916,2919],{},[61,2915,2812],{},[61,2917,2918],{},"2019",[61,2920,2921,2922,163],{},"Merged C95.1 and C95.6; found \"no reproducible low-level (nonthermal) adverse health effects\" (",[17,2923,2822],{"href":2821,"rel":160,"target":161},[10,2925,2926],{},"Points that matter for a head-worn coil:",[618,2928,2929,2938,2946,2954,2965],{},[621,2930,2931,2934,2935,610],{},[35,2932,2933],{},"Epilepsy."," WHO notes that \"People suffering from or predisposed to epilepsy are likely to be more susceptible to induced ELF electric fields in the central nervous system\" (",[17,2936,2881],{"href":2937,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Finchem.org\u002Fdocuments\u002Fehc\u002Fehc\u002Fehc238.pdf",[621,2939,2940,2943,2944,610],{},[35,2941,2942],{},"Local sources."," ICNIRP: \"For a very localized source with a distance of a few centimeters from the body, the only realistic option for the exposure assessment is to determine dosimetrically the induced electric field\" (",[17,2945,2896],{"href":2895,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,2947,2948,2951,2952,610],{},[35,2949,2950],{},"Implants."," Compliance may not prevent interference with pacemakers, defibrillators or cochlear implants (",[17,2953,2896],{"href":2895,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,2955,2956,2959,2960,2962,2963,610],{},[35,2957,2958],{},"Research volunteers."," ICNIRP treats volunteers in medical research as \"medical exposure\", outside the general-public limits (",[17,2961,2896],{"href":2895,"rel":160,"target":161},"). IEEE says its limits are not intended for \"informed volunteers in scientific research studies\" (",[17,2964,2822],{"href":2821,"rel":160,"target":161},[621,2966,2967,2970,2971,2975,2976,2980],{},[35,2968,2969],{},"Leukaemia data since 2002."," The link has weakened: a 2010 pooled analysis found an odds ratio of 1.44 (0.88–2.36) at ≥ 0.3 µT (",[17,2972,2974],{"href":2973,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F20877339\u002F","Kheifets et al. 2010","), and a 2022 one found 1.01 at ≥ 0.4 µT (",[17,2977,2979],{"href":2978,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F34481821\u002F","Amoon et al. 2022","). IARC has not re-evaluated.",[10,2982,2983,2984,26],{},"How this helmet compares with these limits is worked out in ",[17,2985,25],{"href":24},[28,2987,2989],{"id":2988},"what-is-documented-vs-rumoured","What is documented vs rumoured",[40,2991,2992,3005],{},[43,2993,2994],{},[46,2995,2996,2999,3002],{},[49,2997,2998],{},"Statement",[49,3000,3001],{},"Status",[49,3003,3004],{},"Basis",[56,3006,3007,3022,3038,3053,3064,3078,3091,3104,3115,3130,3142,3159,3171,3184,3198,3212,3226,3239,3255,3266,3278],{},[46,3008,3009,3012,3014],{},[61,3010,3011],{},"US agencies funded remote-viewing research and operations from 1972 to 1995",[61,3013,37],{},[61,3015,3016,1508,3018,1508,3020],{},[17,3017,228],{"href":227,"rel":160,"target":161},[17,3019,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[17,3021,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3023,3024,3027,3033],{},[61,3025,3026],{},"Remote viewing produced actionable intelligence",[61,3028,3029,3032],{},[35,3030,3031],{},"Claim","; not supported",[61,3034,3035,3036,163],{},"AIR: \"In no case\" used to guide operations (",[17,3037,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3039,3040,3043,3048],{},[61,3041,3042],{},"Laboratory remote viewing beat chance",[61,3044,3045,3047],{},[64,3046],{"level":76},", contested",[61,3049,3050,3051],{},"Utts and Hyman in ",[17,3052,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3054,3055,3058,3060],{},[61,3056,3057],{},"The Army trained viewers at the Monroe Institute",[61,3059,37],{},[61,3061,3062],{},[17,3063,292],{"href":291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3065,3066,3069,3073],{},[61,3067,3068],{},"The Gateway report proves out-of-body or time travel",[61,3070,3071],{},[35,3072,3031],{},[61,3074,3075,3076,163],{},"A theoretical essay with no data (",[17,3077,1914],{"href":1913,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3079,3080,3083,3086],{},[61,3081,3082],{},"The missing page 25 hid secrets",[61,3084,3085],{},"Not supported",[61,3087,3088,3089,163],{},"Page 25 has paragraphs on religion and self-knowledge (",[17,3090,1956],{"href":1955,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3092,3093,3096,3099],{},[61,3094,3095],{},"Persinger received US Navy money",[61,3097,3098],{},"Documented, once",[61,3100,3101,3102,163],{},"$10,000 in 1983 for a mast-cell study (",[17,3103,909],{"href":908,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3105,3106,3109,3111],{},[61,3107,3108],{},"Persinger advised the NAS ELF committee",[61,3110,37],{},[61,3112,3113],{},[17,3114,162],{"href":904,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3116,3117,3120,3125],{},[61,3118,3119],{},"Persinger worked for DIA or NSA (\"Sleeping Beauty\")",[61,3121,3122],{},[35,3123,3124],{},"Unverified",[61,3126,3127,3128,163],{},"No primary record; FOIA denials reported (",[17,3129,2226],{"href":2225,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3131,3132,3135,3137],{},[61,3133,3134],{},"Persinger's 1995 paper shows a working mass-influence system",[61,3136,3085],{},[61,3138,3139,3140,163],{},"A theoretical essay (",[17,3141,2292],{"href":2291,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3143,3144,3147,3151],{},[61,3145,3146],{},"The Soviet Union had working psychotronic weapons",[61,3148,3149,3032],{},[35,3150,3031],{},[61,3152,3153,3154,3156,3157,163],{},"No research tied to a weapons programme (",[17,3155,252],{"href":251,"rel":160,"target":161},"); no scientific literature (",[17,3158,399],{"href":398,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3160,3161,3164,3166],{},[61,3162,3163],{},"The \"Woodpecker\" was a mind-control signal",[61,3165,3085],{},[61,3167,3168,3169,163],{},"An over-the-horizon radar (",[17,3170,1146],{"href":1145,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3172,3173,3176,3178],{},[61,3174,3175],{},"Russia's unit 10003 existed",[61,3177,37],{},[61,3179,3180,1508,3182],{},[17,3181,442],{"href":441,"rel":160,"target":161},[17,3183,1162],{"href":1161,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3185,3186,3189,3193],{},[61,3187,3188],{},"Unit 10003 achieved results",[61,3190,3191],{},[35,3192,3031],{},[61,3194,3195,3196,163],{},"Insider accounts only (",[17,3197,1162],{"href":1161,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3199,3200,3203,3207],{},[61,3201,3202],{},"A secret 1986 Soviet decree on \"management of living objects\"",[61,3204,3205],{},[35,3206,3124],{},[61,3208,3209,3210,163],{},"Text not public (",[17,3211,1182],{"href":1181,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3213,3214,3217,3221],{},[61,3215,3216],{},"Delgado's work was CIA-funded",[61,3218,3219],{},[35,3220,3124],{},[61,3222,3223,3224,163],{},"Documented funders: USAF, ONR, USPHS (",[17,3225,833],{"href":832,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3227,3228,3231,3234],{},[61,3229,3230],{},"Microtesla ELF fields have established behavioural effects",[61,3232,3233],{},"Not established",[61,3235,3236,3238],{},[17,3237,162],{"href":633,"rel":160,"target":161},"; positive reports are single-lab",[46,3240,3241,3244,3247],{},[61,3242,3243],{},"A foreign energy weapon caused Havana syndrome",[61,3245,3246],{},"Unresolved",[61,3248,3249,3250,3252,3253,163],{},"Mechanism \"plausible\" (",[17,3251,2620],{"href":2619,"rel":160,"target":161},"); foreign actor \"very unlikely\" (",[17,3254,530],{"href":529,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3256,3257,3260,3262],{},[61,3258,3259],{},"DARPA uses God-Helmet-type fields",[61,3261,3085],{},[61,3263,3264],{},[17,3265,551],{"href":550,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3267,3268,3271,3273],{},[61,3269,3270],{},"NATO has neuro-weapons",[61,3272,3085],{},[61,3274,3275,3276,163],{},"A policy study with a disclaimer (",[17,3277,572],{"href":571,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3279,3280,3283,3287],{},[61,3281,3282],{},"A 2008 JASON report on \"neuroscience and national security\"",[61,3284,3285],{},[35,3286,3124],{},[61,3288,3289,3290,3292,3293],{},"Not found; see ",[17,3291,2748],{"href":2747,"rel":160,"target":161}," and ",[17,3294,2762],{"href":2761,"rel":160,"target":161},[28,3296,3298],{"id":3297},"what-this-means-for-this-project","What this means for this project",[10,3300,3301,3304],{},[35,3302,3303],{},"The fields."," Military interest in microtesla ELF fields was mostly a safety question about antennas. The table compares the exposures in the record with this helmet.",[40,3306,3307,3324],{},[43,3308,3309],{},[46,3310,3311,3313,3316,3319,3322],{},[49,3312,695],{},[49,3314,3315],{},"Field",[49,3317,3318],{},"Frequency",[49,3320,3321],{},"Duration",[49,3323,1340],{},[56,3325,3326,3344,3362,3380,3398,3416,3434,3451,3475],{},[46,3327,3328,3331,3334,3337,3340],{},[61,3329,3330],{},"Seafarer specification, over a grid cable",[61,3332,3333],{},"up to 37 µT",[61,3335,3336],{},"76 ± 4 Hz",[61,3338,3339],{},"continuous, whole body",[61,3341,3342],{},[17,3343,162],{"href":629,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3345,3346,3349,3352,3355,3358],{},[61,3347,3348],{},"Earth's static field",[61,3350,3351],{},"about 50 µT",[61,3353,3354],{},"static",[61,3356,3357],{},"always",[61,3359,3360],{},[17,3361,162],{"href":633,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3363,3364,3367,3370,3373,3376],{},[61,3365,3366],{},"Navy human tests",[61,3368,3369],{},"100 µT",[61,3371,3372],{},"45 Hz",[61,3374,3375],{},"10–24 h",[61,3377,3378],{},[17,3379,162],{"href":183,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3381,3382,3385,3388,3391,3394],{},[61,3383,3384],{},"Navy primate tests",[61,3386,3387],{},"200 µT – 1 mT",[61,3389,3390],{},"15–80 Hz",[61,3392,3393],{},"hours to over a year",[61,3395,3396],{},[17,3397,162],{"href":769,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3399,3400,3403,3406,3409,3412],{},[61,3401,3402],{},"Operation Henhouse (chick embryos)",[61,3404,3405],{},"1 µT peak",[61,3407,3408],{},"100 pulses\u002Fs",[61,3410,3411],{},"48 h",[61,3413,3414],{},[17,3415,858],{"href":857,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3417,3418,3421,3424,3427,3430],{},[61,3419,3420],{},"Persinger–Swann 1998",[61,3422,3423],{},"2–5 µT",[61,3425,3426],{},"burst and Thomas patterns, rotating",[61,3428,3429],{},"30 min",[61,3431,3432],{},[17,3433,2187],{"href":2186,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3435,3436,3438,3441,3444,3447],{},[61,3437,509],{},[61,3439,3440],{},"3–7 µT",[61,3442,3443],{},"Persinger's patterns",[61,3445,3446],{},"one session",[61,3448,3449],{},[17,3450,2538],{"href":2537,"rel":160,"target":161},[46,3452,3453,3456,3459,3462,3465],{},[61,3454,3455],{},"This helmet, 20 mm in front of a coil (about the cortex)",[61,3457,3458],{},"presets 0.1–5 µT, most at 1 µT; default ceiling 5 µT, absolute 10 µT; about 8 µT at the 4.54 mA hardware cap (about 1.8 µT per mA)",[61,3460,3461],{},"programs 0–500 Hz, updated at 2 kHz",[61,3463,3464],{},"at most 60 min",[61,3466,3467,1508,3471],{},[17,3468,3470],{"href":3469},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fcalibration","CALIBRATION.md",[17,3472,3474],{"href":3473},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fpreset-format","PRESET_FORMAT.md",[46,3476,3477,3480,3483,3486,3488],{},[61,3478,3479],{},"This helmet, at the coil face",[61,3481,3482],{},"about 105 µT per mA, so about 0.47 mT at the cap",[61,3484,3485],{},"as above",[61,3487,3485],{},[61,3489,3490],{},[17,3491,3470],{"href":3469},[10,3493,3494,3495,3497],{},"The helmet's field at the cortex is far below the 100 µT that the Navy gave men for many hours. Within about 1 cm of a coil face, at full current, it exceeds the Seafarer field, but only in that small volume and for at most an hour. ",[17,3496,25],{"href":24}," compares it with the ICNIRP limits. Because ICNIRP and IEEE leave research volunteers outside their limits, the general-public values are the sensible benchmark for self-experiment.",[10,3499,3500],{},[35,3501,3502],{},"What the record does and does not give us.",[618,3504,3505,3513,3531,3546,3556],{},[621,3506,3507,3508,1508,3510,3512],{},"No document shows a working \"mind-influence\" device at microtesla ELF levels. The intelligence reports that speculated about weapons said they lacked data (",[17,3509,252],{"href":251,"rel":160,"target":161},[17,3511,2681],{"href":2680,"rel":160,"target":161},"). This project makes no such claim, and nothing in the record supports one.",[621,3514,3515,3516,3519,3520,3524,3525,3528,3529,26],{},"In these records, the one documented coil exposure of a programme viewer is the 1998 Swann test. The ",[35,3517,3518],{},"Programs"," tab has it twice: ",[3521,3522,3523],"code",{},"military-p06-persinger-swann-1998"," (2 µT) and ",[3521,3526,3527],{},"persinger-swann-2002-table1"," (3.5 µT, timing as printed in the paper). Both are ",[64,3530],{"level":76},[621,3532,3533,3534,3536,3537,3540,3541,3545],{},"The programmes' lasting product is method: random targets from a fixed pool, blind rank-order judging against decoys, feedback only after judging (",[17,3535,379],{"href":378,"rel":160,"target":161},"). The ",[35,3538,3539],{},"Trials"," tab and its picture pool use that design, with hardware-random targets and a SHA-256 commitment; see ",[17,3542,3544],{"href":3543},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fexperiments","EXPERIMENTS.md",". Hyman's objections still apply to home trials: a single judge and reused targets weaken any result.",[621,3547,3548,3549,3552,3553,3555],{},"The ",[35,3550,3551],{},"Guides"," tab has CRV, ARV, ERV and outbound-beacon sessions based on the declassified and published procedures, and Gateway-style sessions in our own wording (",[17,3554,2000],{"href":1999},"). They copy structure, not proven effects; their evidence labels range from anecdote to single-lab.",[621,3557,3558,3559,3563,3564,610],{},"The optional Kp logging echoes the 1984 Geophysical Effects Study. The local-sidereal-time logging follows Spottiswoode's later analyses, whose 13.5 h peak a larger sample did not reproduce (",[17,3560,3562],{"href":3561,"rel":160,"target":161},"https:\u002F\u002Fpsi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk\u002Farticles\u002Fjames-spottiswoode\u002F","Psi Encyclopedia: James Spottiswoode","). Both sets of correlations were post hoc, so treat any split as exploratory (",[17,3565,3544],{"href":3543},[10,3567,3568,3571,3572,3575,3576,3579,3580,3584,3585,26],{},[35,3569,3570],{},"Blinding is the lesson of the replication record."," Independent double-blind tests found no field effect, and switched-off helmets produce the same experiences. Use the ",[35,3573,3574],{},"Blind"," option for any comparison. The preset ",[3521,3577,3578],{},"persinger-granqvist-2005-replication"," (5 µT) recreates the Swedish test for blinded self-tests (",[17,3581,3583],{"href":3582,"target":161,"rel":160},"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FPolobase\u002Fgod-helmet\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fpresets\u002Fpersinger-granqvist-2005-replication.json","preset file","). Record expectations and suggestibility with the questionnaires in ",[17,3586,3588],{"href":3587},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fquestionnaires","QUESTIONNAIRES.md",[10,3590,3591,3594],{},[35,3592,3593],{},"Belief can do harm."," The 1995 Persinger essay feeds \"targeted individual\" literature. Do not use this device, or this history, to persuade anyone that they are being influenced at a distance.",[28,3596,3598],{"id":3597},"open-questions","Open questions",[618,3600,3601,3604,3607,3610,3613,3616],{},[621,3602,3603],{},"The printed wording of Persinger's 1995 key sentence (\"through\" or \"without mediation through\").",[621,3605,3606],{},"The contract record and results of Persinger's 1983 Navy study.",[621,3608,3609],{},"The primary text of Gibson & Moroney 1974 (numbers of subjects, statistics, direction of effect).",[621,3611,3612],{},"Any primary record of \"Sleeping Beauty\", or of Eldon Byrd's Navy work.",[621,3614,3615],{},"Details of the 2002 UK MoD study, which are known only from the press.",[621,3617,3618],{},"The texts of the Soviet decrees cited by Kernbach (2013).",[10,3620,3621,3622,3624,3625,3292,3629,3633],{},"Corrections and new primary sources are welcome; see ",[17,3623,20],{"href":19}," for the science and ",[17,3626,3628],{"href":3627},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fsignals","SIGNALS.md",[17,3630,3632],{"href":3631},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fplacement","PLACEMENT.md"," for how the published patterns and coil layouts are reproduced.",{"title":3635,"searchDepth":3636,"depth":3636,"links":3637},"",3,[3638,3640,3641,3647,3648,3654,3664,3669,3670,3674,3675,3676,3677,3678,3679,3680,3681,3682],{"id":30,"depth":3639,"text":31},2,{"id":115,"depth":3639,"text":116},{"id":596,"depth":3639,"text":597,"children":3642},[3643,3644,3645,3646],{"id":601,"depth":3636,"text":602},{"id":675,"depth":3636,"text":676},{"id":820,"depth":3636,"text":821},{"id":895,"depth":3636,"text":896},{"id":937,"depth":3639,"text":938},{"id":987,"depth":3639,"text":988,"children":3649},[3650,3651,3652,3653],{"id":991,"depth":3636,"text":992},{"id":1107,"depth":3636,"text":1108},{"id":1185,"depth":3636,"text":1186},{"id":1206,"depth":3636,"text":1207},{"id":1222,"depth":3639,"text":1223,"children":3655},[3656,3657,3658,3659,3660,3661,3662,3663],{"id":1226,"depth":3636,"text":1227},{"id":1254,"depth":3636,"text":1255},{"id":1294,"depth":3636,"text":1295},{"id":1324,"depth":3636,"text":1325},{"id":1533,"depth":3636,"text":1534},{"id":1588,"depth":3636,"text":1589},{"id":1623,"depth":3636,"text":1624},{"id":1658,"depth":3636,"text":1659},{"id":1768,"depth":3639,"text":1769,"children":3665},[3666,3667,3668],{"id":1772,"depth":3636,"text":1773},{"id":1906,"depth":3636,"text":1907},{"id":1959,"depth":3636,"text":1960},{"id":2003,"depth":3639,"text":2004},{"id":2127,"depth":3639,"text":2128,"children":3671},[3672,3673],{"id":2131,"depth":3636,"text":37},{"id":2193,"depth":3636,"text":2194},{"id":2280,"depth":3639,"text":2281},{"id":2350,"depth":3639,"text":2351},{"id":2564,"depth":3639,"text":2565},{"id":2690,"depth":3639,"text":2691},{"id":2770,"depth":3639,"text":2771},{"id":2788,"depth":3639,"text":2789},{"id":2988,"depth":3639,"text":2989},{"id":3297,"depth":3639,"text":3298},{"id":3597,"depth":3639,"text":3598},"Military, intelligence and health-agency history: ELF research, the remote-viewing programmes, Gateway, the replication controversy, and what WHO, IARC and ICNIRP concluded.","md","docs\u002FHISTORY.md","History",{},38,true,4,"\u002Farticles\u002Fhistory","articles",{"title":5,"description":12},"history","docs\u002FHISTORY",null,"Ybl4FVGTTgUVE0Lt0ZiCwndlBpUHt3Uwk8f5qXhgPPw",[3699,3709,3718,3726,3735],{"path":3700,"title":3701,"description":3702,"section":3692,"slug":3703,"label":3704,"group":3705,"order":3706,"minutes":3707,"updated":3696,"file":3708},"\u002Farticles\u002Fsensed-presence","Sensed presence: the feeling that someone is there","The feeling that someone is there: what people report, what Persinger’s lab claimed, what the one rigorous replication found, and where the experience turns up without any helmet.","sensed-presence","Sensed presence","Effect",0,28,"docs\u002FEFFECT_SENSED_PRESENCE.md",{"path":3710,"title":3711,"description":3712,"section":3692,"slug":3713,"label":3714,"group":3705,"order":3715,"minutes":3716,"updated":3696,"file":3717},"\u002Farticles\u002Fout-of-body","Out-of-body experiences: what is reported, what the brain does, and what this helmet can test","What is reported, what the brain does when the body image comes apart, and what a weak-field helmet can and cannot test.","out-of-body","Out-of-body experiences",1,27,"docs\u002FEFFECT_OUT_OF_BODY.md",{"path":3719,"title":3720,"description":3721,"section":3692,"slug":3722,"label":3723,"group":3705,"order":3639,"minutes":3724,"updated":3696,"file":3725},"\u002Farticles\u002Fremote-viewing","Remote viewing: what it is, why it is tied to the God Helmet, and how to test it","What remote viewing is, why it is tied to the God Helmet, and how to test it with committed targets and blind judging.","remote-viewing","Remote viewing",22,"docs\u002FEFFECT_REMOTE_VIEWING.md",{"path":19,"title":3727,"description":3728,"section":3692,"slug":3729,"label":3730,"group":3731,"order":3636,"minutes":3732,"updated":3733,"file":3734},"Research review: weak magnetic fields, the God Helmet and what this build can test","The evidence review: the Persinger lab, independent tests, vendor claims, mainstream low-field science, and which brain regions go with which reported states.","research","The evidence","Review",46,"2026-10-27","docs\u002FRESEARCH.md",{"path":3691,"title":5,"description":3683,"section":3692,"slug":3694,"label":3686,"group":3686,"order":3690,"minutes":3688,"updated":3696,"file":3685},1794317839965]