[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2145},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page-\u002Farticles\u002Fremote-viewing":3,"list-articles":2112},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":2097,"extension":2098,"file":2099,"group":2100,"label":2101,"meta":2102,"minutes":2103,"navigation":2104,"order":2064,"path":2105,"section":2106,"seo":2107,"slug":2108,"stem":2109,"updated":2110,"__hash__":2111},"pages\u002Fdocs\u002FEFFECT_REMOTE_VIEWING.md","Remote viewing: what it is, why it is tied to the God Helmet, and how to test it",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":2059},"minimark",[9,13,16,19,71,76,79,150,156,159,163,166,188,191,196,304,321,327,345,354,358,362,365,396,408,412,415,455,463,467,474,512,517,521,524,566,570,582,586,592,701,718,723,727,731,749,753,756,776,787,791,898,902,979,997,1001,1011,1015,1181,1185,1269,1273,1361,1365,1393,1397,1454,1461,1465,1470,1580,1586,1632,1636,1640,1643,1792,1798,1802,1866,1870,1875,1940,1944,1950,2026,2029,2033],[10,11,12],"p",{},"Remote viewing is the claimed ability to describe a hidden target (a picture, a place or a future event) without any normal sensory route to it. It is one of the effects people most often link with the God Helmet. Michael Persinger's laboratory tested the former government remote viewer Ingo Swann and the psychic Sean Harribance with weak magnetic fields, and Todd Murphy sells Shakti and Shiva sessions designed for psi. The US government paid for remote-viewing research from 1972 to 1995.",[10,14,15],{},"This article sets out how remote viewing sessions work, what the God Helmet literature claims, what the government programmes found, where the scientific debate stands, and how to run an honest trial with this helmet. The short version: laboratory remote viewing produced effects that critics and supporters agree are hard to explain as chance, but they come mostly from one research group, were never independently replicated under tight controls, and the God Helmet link rests on one-subject studies from one lab.",[10,17,18],{},"Related documents:",[20,21,22,31,38,45,52,59],"ul",{},[23,24,25,30],"li",{},[26,27,29],"a",{"href":28},"\u002Farticles\u002Fhistory","HISTORY.md",": the full programme history (CIA–SRI, GRILL FLAME, CENTER LANE, SUN STREAK, STAR GATE, the 1995 AIR review)",[23,32,33,37],{},[26,34,36],{"href":35},"\u002Farticles\u002Fresearch","RESEARCH.md",": the Persinger\u002FKoren laboratory record and the psi research summary",[23,39,40,44],{},[26,41,43],{"href":42},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fexperiments","EXPERIMENTS.md",": the Trials tab, target pools, judging, statistics and pre-registration",[23,46,47,51],{},[26,48,50],{"href":49},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fguides","GUIDES.md",": the guided sessions, including CRV, ARV and ganzfeld-style trials",[23,53,54,58],{},[26,55,57],{"href":56},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fsafety","SAFETY.md",": exposure limits and who should not use the helmet",[23,60,61,65,66,70],{},[26,62,64],{"href":63},"\u002Farticles\u002Fsensed-presence","Sensed presence"," and ",[26,67,69],{"href":68},"\u002Farticles\u002Fout-of-body","Out-of-body experiences",": the two other effect articles",[72,73,75],"h2",{"id":74},"how-to-read-this-article","How to read this article",[10,77,78],{},"The evidence words are the ones used across the project:",[80,81,82,95],"table",{},[83,84,85],"thead",{},[86,87,88,92],"tr",{},[89,90,91],"th",{},"Word",[89,93,94],{},"Meaning",[96,97,98,110,120,130,140],"tbody",{},[86,99,100,107],{},[101,102,103],"td",{},[104,105],"evidence-word",{"level":106},"established",[101,108,109],{},"Independently replicated",[86,111,112,117],{},[101,113,114],{},[104,115],{"level":116},"single-lab",[101,118,119],{},"Reported by one laboratory or research group only",[86,121,122,127],{},[101,123,124],{},[104,125],{"level":126},"claim",[101,128,129],{},"Stated by an author, agency or vendor without independent support",[86,131,132,137],{},[101,133,134],{},[104,135],{"level":136},"anecdote",[101,138,139],{},"A personal account",[86,141,142,147],{},[101,143,144],{},[104,145],{"level":146},"unverified",[101,148,149],{},"Could not be checked against a primary source",[10,151,152,153,155],{},"Nothing about remote viewing itself is ",[104,154],{"level":106}," in this sense. The word applies only to some negative findings, such as the inconsistent judging in ARV and the absence of a field effect in independent God Helmet tests.",[10,157,158],{},"Military and intelligence material is described as documentary history only. Nothing here is guidance for observing or influencing other people.",[72,160,162],{"id":161},"what-remote-viewing-is","What remote viewing is",[10,164,165],{},"The term was coined at the Stanford Research Institute (SRI) in the early 1970s, where the physicists Russell Targ and Harold Puthoff tested Ingo Swann, Pat Price, Hella Hammid and others. Later protocols differ in how the target is chosen, how the viewer responds and how the response is scored. They all share three parts:",[167,168,169,176,182],"ol",{},[23,170,171,175],{},[172,173,174],"strong",{},"A hidden target",", chosen at random after the viewer has been isolated, so that no one with the viewer knows it.",[23,177,178,181],{},[172,179,180],{},"A free response",": the viewer talks, writes and sketches impressions, usually for 15 to 30 minutes.",[23,183,184,187],{},[172,185,186],{},"Blind judging",": someone who does not know the target compares the response with the real target and several decoys.",[10,189,190],{},"The third part is what makes it a test. Any description matches some picture loosely; the question is whether it matches the real target better than the decoys more often than chance.",[192,193,195],"h3",{"id":194},"protocols-in-brief","Protocols in brief",[80,197,198,211],{},[83,199,200],{},[86,201,202,205,208],{},[89,203,204],{},"Protocol",[89,206,207],{},"How it works",[89,209,210],{},"Where it came from",[96,212,213,238,255,270,287],{},[86,214,215,220,223],{},[101,216,217],{},[172,218,219],{},"Outbound (beacon) viewing",[101,221,222],{},"A \"beacon\" person drives to a randomly drawn local site and stays there for a fixed time. The viewer, with an experimenter who does not know the site, describes it. Judges later visit all sites in the pool and rank the transcripts",[101,224,225,226,232,233,237],{},"SRI's first published series (",[26,227,231],{"href":228,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nature.com\u002Farticles\u002F251602a0","noopener","_blank","Targ & Puthoff 1974","; ",[26,234,236],{"href":235,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fnewdualism.org\u002Fpapers\u002FH.Puthoff\u002FCIA-Initiated%20Remote%20Viewing%20At%20Stanford%20Research%20Institute.htm","Puthoff 1996",")",[86,239,240,245,248],{},[101,241,242],{},[172,243,244],{},"Coordinate remote viewing (CRV)",[101,246,247],{},"The target is given only as a reference number (originally geographic coordinates). The viewer works through a staged written structure, from a quick pen mark to sensory words, sketches and a summary",[101,249,250,251,237],{},"Developed by Ingo Swann at SRI for the Army from about 1982; codified in 1983–86 (",[26,252,254],{"href":253,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu\u002FNSAEBB\u002FNSAEBB534-DIA-Declassified-Sourcebook\u002Fdocuments\u002FDIA-21.pdf","DIA SUN STREAK briefing",[86,256,257,262,265],{},[101,258,259],{},[172,260,261],{},"Extended remote viewing (ERV)",[101,263,264],{},"Long sessions in deep relaxation, often lying down in a darkened room, aimed at \"being at\" the site",[101,266,267,268,237],{},"Army and DIA unit practice, built on the observation that viewing seemed \"facilitated by physical relaxation and enhanced internal attention\" (",[26,269,254],{"href":253,"rel":229,"target":230},[86,271,272,277,280],{},[101,273,274],{},[172,275,276],{},"Photo-target free response",[101,278,279],{},"The target is one picture from a sealed set; the viewer describes the picture they will see as feedback",[101,281,282,283,237],{},"SAIC's standard laboratory design in the 1990s (",[26,284,286],{"href":285,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ics.uci.edu\u002F~jutts\u002Fair","Utts 1995",[86,288,289,294,297],{},[101,290,291],{},[172,292,293],{},"Associative remote viewing (ARV)",[101,295,296],{},"Two very different pictures are mapped to two outcomes of a future event. The viewer describes the picture they will be shown after the outcome; the better match is the prediction",[101,298,299,300,237],{},"Targ, Puthoff and Keith Harary in the early 1980s (",[26,301,303],{"href":302,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.koestler-parapsychology.psy.ed.ac.uk\u002FDocuments\u002FKPU_1034_Published_Results.pdf","Katz et al. 2021",[10,305,306,309,310,314,315,317,318,320],{},[172,307,308],{},"CRV in general terms."," The declassified 1985 working paper splits a session into six stages: a first spontaneous pen mark and a gut reaction; sensory words (colours, textures, temperatures, sounds); dimensions and sketches; a matrix that separates kinds of data; queries on single words; and three-dimensional modelling (",[26,311,313],{"href":312,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00788R001000400001-7.pdf","CRV working paper 1985","). Its core idea is to keep raw impressions apart from named guesses, which it calls \"analytic overlay\". ",[26,316,43],{"href":42}," gives the stage table and the session classes. No controlled study shows that the CRV structure improves accuracy (",[104,319],{"level":126},").",[10,322,323,326],{},[172,324,325],{},"Judging and scoring."," Two methods dominate:",[20,328,329,335],{},[23,330,331,334],{},[172,332,333],{},"Ranking."," The judge ranks every picture in the set against the response, 1 being the best match. A \"hit\" is the target ranked first; with 5 pictures, chance is 20 %. The mean rank and a standardised rank score use all the information.",[23,336,337,340,341,320],{},[172,338,339],{},"Rating."," The judge scores the match on a fixed scale (for example 0–7), or scores each element of the response against a list of target features. SRI's 1983 \"fuzzy set\" form is an example; it was not validated (",[26,342,344],{"href":343,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00788R001800080001-5.pdf","SRI 1983",[10,346,347,350,351,353],{},[172,348,349],{},"Effect size."," Utts's figure, used throughout this article, is the standardised rank score per trial. With 5-picture sets, an effect size of 0.2 corresponds to a mean target rank of about 2.72 instead of the chance value of 3 (",[26,352,286],{"href":285,"rel":229,"target":230},"). It is a small effect: most sessions are not hits.",[72,355,357],{"id":356},"why-it-is-linked-to-the-god-helmet","Why it is linked to the God Helmet",[192,359,361],{"id":360},"persingers-work-with-ingo-swann-19982002","Persinger's work with Ingo Swann (1998–2002)",[10,363,364],{},"Ingo Swann, an artist and the best-known SRI subject, visited Persinger's laboratory at Laurentian University in August 1998. Two papers followed.",[20,366,367,380],{},[23,368,369,372,373,377,378,320],{},[172,370,371],{},"Swann under rotating fields."," Swann received one 30-minute exposure to circumcerebral magnetic fields: eight solenoids in a ring around the head, the field stepping counter-clockwise, in six 5-minute configurations (three burst-firing, three frequency-modulated \"Thomas\" patterns, about 2–5 µT). The abstract says the fields \"significantly altered his subjective experiences\". In remote-viewing trials on the following days, the proportion of unusual 7 Hz spike-and-slow-wave EEG activity over the occipital lobes correlated with rated accuracy (rho = .50). MRI and neuropsychological tests showed an unusual right parieto-occipital organisation (",[26,374,376],{"href":375,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F12081299\u002F","Persinger, Roll, Tiller, Koren & Cook 2002","). One subject, no sham session, and the accuracy ratings and EEG came from the same team (",[104,379],{"level":116},[23,381,382,385,386,390,391,393,394,320],{},[172,383,384],{},"Fields around the target."," In a pilot, the sealed target photographs in another room were surrounded by weak fields (under 20 nT over most of the area). Patterns generated under Windows, which the authors say phase-modulated the waveform, were followed by a marked fall in Swann's accuracy; the same nominal patterns generated under DOS were not (",[26,387,389],{"href":388,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F12509207\u002F","Koren & Persinger 2002","). This is a pilot with one subject (",[104,392],{"level":116},"). It is also the origin of the lab's claim that timing jitter destroys the effect, which became central to the later replication dispute (",[26,395,29],{"href":28},[10,397,398,399,403,404,320],{},"In a public lecture Persinger presented Swann as someone who \"helped develop the phenomenon of remote viewing\" (",[26,400,402],{"href":401,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002F3pdDtH4CvTY?t=512","3pdDtH4CvTY at 8:32",") and described the target photographs sitting in envelopes in another room (",[26,405,407],{"href":406,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002F3pdDtH4CvTY?t=777","12:57",[192,409,411],{"id":410},"persinger-and-sean-harribance","Persinger and Sean Harribance",[10,413,414],{},"Sean Harribance, a psychic, reported lifelong \"flashes of images\" of hidden objects and of personal details of strangers.",[20,416,417,431,444],{},[23,418,419,422,423,427,428,430],{},[172,420,421],{},"2002 SPECT study."," The specificity of his descriptions of target pictures of people correlated with the proportion of occipital alpha activity. SPECT and EEG suggested more activity in the right parietal and occipital regions. Weak fields patterned like hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), applied over his right temporoparietal region, evoked sensed presences on his left side (",[26,424,426],{"href":425,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F12325407\u002F","Roll, Persinger, Webster, Tiller & Cook 2002",") (",[104,429],{"level":116},", one subject).",[23,432,433,436,437,441,442,320],{},[172,434,435],{},"2010 retelling."," Persinger later reported 22 presence or vision button presses during the LTP pattern against 5–12 for other patterns, with a 6:1 left-side bias. A 20-second rotation of the same pattern lowered his alpha rhythm to 25–30 % of baseline and his rated accuracy by about 20 % (",[26,438,440],{"href":439,"rel":229,"target":230},"http:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20150426091303id_\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.neuroquantology.com\u002Findex.php\u002Fjournal\u002Farticle\u002Fdownload\u002F301\u002F346","Persinger 2010","). The number and length of trials are not given (",[104,443],{"level":116},[23,445,446,449,450,454],{},[172,447,448],{},"EEG signature."," A later sLORETA analysis of his recorded EEG found 20–30 Hz power in the right parahippocampal region during readings (",[26,451,453],{"href":452,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC3410194\u002FfullTextXML","Persinger & Saroka 2012","). Again one subject.",[10,456,457,458,462],{},"Note that in the Harribance work the fields mostly ",[459,460,461],"em",{},"lowered"," accuracy or produced presences; none of these papers shows fields improving psi performance.",[192,464,466],{"id":465},"geomagnetic-and-sidereal-time-claims","Geomagnetic and sidereal-time claims",[10,468,469,470,320],{},"Persinger argued for decades that psi experiences and performance track geomagnetic activity. In the same lecture he says such experiences usually happen \"when the geomagnetic activity is less intense\" (",[26,471,473],{"href":472,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002F3pdDtH4CvTY?t=341","3pdDtH4CvTY at 5:41",[20,475,476,488,500],{},[23,477,478,481,482,427,484,320],{},[172,479,480],{},"Dream ESP."," Persinger and Krippner (1989) reported that the Maimonides dream sessions scored best on geomagnetically quiet nights. We have seen this only in secondary sources (",[104,483],{"level":146},[26,485,487],{"href":486,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fpsi-encyclopedia.spr.ac.uk\u002Farticles\u002Fmichael-persinger","Psi Encyclopedia: Persinger",[23,489,490,493,494,427,498,320],{},[172,491,492],{},"Inside the programme."," A 1984 study for the Army correlated scored sessions with solar, geomagnetic and local ELF data and cited Persinger's papers as part of its rationale. It called itself a pilot (",[26,495,497],{"href":496,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments2.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fcia\u002Fstargate\u002FSTARGATE%20%234%20176\u002FPart0003\u002FCIA-RDP96-00788R001800270001-4.pdf","Adams & Puthoff 1984",[104,499],{"level":116},[23,501,502,505,506,509,510,320],{},[172,503,504],{},"Sidereal time."," Spottiswoode reported much larger effect sizes near 13.5 h local sidereal time in a post-hoc analysis of free-response trials (Spottiswoode 1997, ",[459,507,508],{},"Journal of Scientific Exploration"," 11(2)). No independent replication is known (",[104,511],{"level":116},[10,513,514,515,320],{},"The app logs Kp, ap and local sidereal time with every trial as exploratory variables. Do not schedule sessions by them (",[26,516,36],{"href":35},[192,518,520],{"id":519},"murphys-shakti-and-shiva-psi-sessions","Murphy's Shakti and Shiva psi sessions",[10,522,523],{},"Todd Murphy, who sells the 8-coil Shakti and the Shiva replica of Persinger's \"Octopus\" ring, describes psi configurations of his own.",[20,525,526,541,553],{},[23,527,528,531,532,536,537,427,539,320],{},[172,529,530],{},"The chirp ring."," In his lecture on psychic skills, Murphy describes a counter-clockwise chirp signal around the ring with the time over each coil growing from 10 to 20 ms, and places psi in the right hemisphere (",[26,533,535],{"href":534,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FtmC1174POpA","tmC1174POpA","; notes in ",[26,538,36],{"href":35},[104,540],{"level":126},[23,542,543,546,547,427,551,320],{},[172,544,545],{},"Shakti remote-viewing design."," His Shakti pages propose a modulated 40 Hz signal over the occipital lobes, citing the occipital 7 Hz finding in Swann. The page itself says this signal \"has not been tested in practice for enhancement of remote viewing skills\" (",[26,548,550],{"href":549,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.god-helmet.com\u002Fwp\u002Fwinshakti\u002Fdemo\u002Fshakti_demo\u002Fremote_v.htm","Murphy: Shakti remote viewing",[104,552],{"level":146},[23,554,555,558,559,563,564,320],{},[172,556,557],{},"Telepathy design."," A second page proposes the same signal over the frontal lobes, then the occipital lobes (",[26,560,562],{"href":561,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.god-helmet.com\u002Fwp\u002Fwinshakti\u002Fdemo\u002Fshakti_demo\u002Fpsychic.htm","Murphy: psychic skills","), and states that none of its procedures has been tested (",[104,565],{"level":146},[192,567,569],{"id":568},"what-the-independent-evidence-says","What the independent evidence says",[10,571,572,573,232,577,581],{},"No laboratory outside Persinger's has tested whether weak rotating fields change remote-viewing accuracy. Independent double-blind tests of God-Helmet-type fields on experience found no field effect: what people reported tracked suggestibility and absorption, not the field (",[26,574,576],{"href":575,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F15849873\u002F","Granqvist et al. 2005",[26,578,580],{"href":579,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22582690\u002F","Gendle & McGrath 2012","). The God Helmet connection to remote viewing therefore rests on two one-subject papers from one lab, plus vendor designs that the vendor says are untested.",[72,583,585],{"id":584},"government-programmes-in-brief","Government programmes in brief",[10,587,588,589,591],{},"The full record, with document links, is in ",[26,590,29],{"href":28},". In outline:",[80,593,594,610],{},[83,595,596],{},[86,597,598,601,604,607],{},[89,599,600],{},"Years",[89,602,603],{},"Name",[89,605,606],{},"Sponsor",[89,608,609],{},"Notes",[96,611,612,630,644,660,673,687],{},[86,613,614,617,620,623],{},[101,615,616],{},"1972–1977",[101,618,619],{},"CIA–SRI programme, incl. SCANATE (\"scanning by coordinate\")",[101,621,622],{},"CIA",[101,624,625,626,237],{},"Tests with Swann and Price; the main operational test \"at best inconclusive\" (",[26,627,629],{"href":628,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fremoteviewing\u002Fstargate\u002FSTARGATE%20%2311%20549\u002FPart0005\u002FCIA-RDP96-00791R000200030040-0.TXT","Kress 1977",[86,631,632,635,638,641],{},[101,633,634],{},"1977–1978",[101,636,637],{},"GONDOLA WISH",[101,639,640],{},"Army INSCOM",[101,642,643],{},"Study of US vulnerability to hostile remote viewing",[86,645,646,649,652,654],{},[101,647,648],{},"1978–1982",[101,650,651],{},"GRILL FLAME",[101,653,640],{},[101,655,656,657],{},"Operational viewer unit; successes are ",[172,658,659],{},"claims",[86,661,662,665,668,670],{},[101,663,664],{},"1982–1985",[101,666,667],{},"CENTER LANE",[101,669,640],{},[101,671,672],{},"CRV training with SRI; Monroe Institute contacts",[86,674,675,678,681,684],{},[101,676,677],{},"1985–1990\u002F91",[101,679,680],{},"SUN STREAK",[101,682,683],{},"DIA",[101,685,686],{},"Operational tasking",[86,688,689,692,695,698],{},[101,690,691],{},"1990\u002F91–1995",[101,693,694],{},"STAR GATE",[101,696,697],{},"DIA, SAIC, then CIA",[101,699,700],{},"Laboratory research under Edwin May at SAIC; closed after review",[10,702,703,704,708,709,713,714,320],{},"The 1995 review by the American Institutes for Research (AIR) for the CIA found that laboratory hits exceeded chance but could not be separated from the reuse of the same viewers, targets and judge. Operational reports were \"inconsistent, inaccurate with regard to specifics\", and \"in no case had the information provided ever been used to guide intelligence operations\" (",[26,705,707],{"href":706,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments3.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fstargate\u002Fpdfs\u002FCIA-RDP96-00791R000200180006-4.pdf","AIR 1995","). Earlier, the National Research Council had called the case for remote viewing \"virtually nonexistent\" (",[26,710,712],{"href":711,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Ffiles.eric.ed.gov\u002Ffulltext\u002FED296127.pdf","NRC 1988","). The CIA put the STAR GATE files online in its CREST database in 2017 (",[26,715,717],{"href":716,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.smithsonianmag.com\u002Fsmart-news\u002Fover-12-million-pages-cia-documents-are-now-accessible-online-180961846\u002F","Smithsonian 2017",[10,719,720,721,320],{},"The link to this project is personal rather than technical: Swann, the developer of CRV, was the subject of Persinger's study. No document shows that God-Helmet-type fields were used in any government programme (",[26,722,29],{"href":28},[72,724,726],{"id":725},"the-scientific-debate","The scientific debate",[192,728,730],{"id":729},"the-early-sri-work-and-marks-kammann","The early SRI work and Marks & Kammann",[10,732,733,734,737,738,740,741,745,746,748],{},"Targ and Puthoff published their first results in ",[459,735,736],{},"Nature"," in 1974, with an editorial explaining why the journal printed a paper its referees had doubts about (",[26,739,231],{"href":228,"rel":229,"target":230},"). The psychologists David Marks and Richard Kammann tried to repeat the outbound experiments in New Zealand and failed. Looking at SRI's transcripts, they found cues a judge could use to put them in order without any psi: references to dates and to earlier sessions. Because the sessions ran in a known order, such cues could let a judge match transcripts to sites. Their repeats \"do not verify\" SRI's conclusions (",[26,742,744],{"href":743,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nature.com\u002Farticles\u002F274680a0","Marks & Kammann 1978","). Tart, Puthoff and Targ re-judged edited transcripts and reported that the result survived (",[459,747,736],{}," 284:191, 1980); Marks and Kammann were not persuaded. The episode set the standard rule: clean transcripts, random target order and judges who know nothing about the sequence.",[192,750,752],{"id":751},"utts-versus-hyman-1995","Utts versus Hyman (1995)",[10,754,755],{},"The AIR review commissioned two outside assessments.",[20,757,758,766],{},[23,759,760,763,764,320],{},[172,761,762],{},"Jessica Utts",", a statistician, concluded that psychic functioning \"has been well established\". She reported effect sizes of 0.209 over 770 SRI sessions and 0.230 over 455 SAIC sessions, and argued that the consistency across laboratories (including ganzfeld work) ruled out chance (",[26,765,286],{"href":285,"rel":229,"target":230},[23,767,768,771,772,320],{},[172,769,770],{},"Ray Hyman",", a psychologist, agreed the SAIC effects were \"too large and consistent to be dismissed as statistical flukes\". He argued that this does not show a paranormal cause: one person, Edwin May, was the sole judge of all the SAIC free-response experiments; the same small group of viewers and targets was reused; and a real phenomenon would need boundary conditions and independent replication with new viewers, pools and judges (",[26,773,775],{"href":774,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ics.uci.edu\u002F~jutts\u002Fhyman.html","Hyman 1995",[10,777,778,779,232,783,320],{},"Their disagreement is less about the numbers than about what would count as proof. Both accepted that the lab data were not chance. Utts weighed the consistency; Hyman weighed the dependence on one group and the lack of a theory that predicts when the effect should appear. Later re-examinations sided with the call for caution: Wiseman and Milton found possible leakage routes in SAIC's Experiment One, which AIR had used as its worked example, and the SAIC team gave several different accounts of its procedure when asked (",[26,780,782],{"href":781,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fuhra.herts.ac.uk\u002Fid\u002Feprint\u002F2331\u002F","Wiseman & Milton 1998",[26,784,786],{"href":785,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fresearchprofiles.herts.ac.uk\u002Fen\u002Fpublications\u002Fexperiment-one-of-the-saic-remote-viewing-program-a-critical-re-e-2\u002F","reply to May 1999",[192,788,790],{"id":789},"known-weak-points","Known weak points",[80,792,793,806],{},[83,794,795],{},[86,796,797,800,803],{},[89,798,799],{},"Problem",[89,801,802],{},"What happened",[89,804,805],{},"Status",[96,807,808,826,844,866,883],{},[86,809,810,815,818],{},[101,811,812],{},[172,813,814],{},"Sensory leakage",[101,816,817],{},"Cues reached judges or viewers through transcripts, experimenters or the room",[101,819,820,821,823,824,237],{},"Documented in the SRI transcripts (",[26,822,744],{"href":743,"rel":229,"target":230},"); possible in SAIC Experiment One (",[26,825,782],{"href":781,"rel":229,"target":230},[86,827,828,833,836],{},[101,829,830],{},[172,831,832],{},"Judging cues and single judges",[101,834,835],{},"One judge for all SAIC free-response work; ARV taskers who knew both pictures among the judges",[101,837,838,232,840],{},[26,839,775],{"href":774,"rel":229,"target":230},[26,841,843],{"href":842,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.colorado.edu\u002Ffaculty\u002Fmoddel\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002Fattached-files\u002Fsmith_sse10_abstract.pdf","Smith, Laham & Moddel 2010",[86,845,846,851,854],{},[101,847,848],{},[172,849,850],{},"Target reuse and pool design",[101,852,853],{},"Early SRI sites drawn without replacement; reused targets scored higher in the ganzfeld; SAIC video targets scored zero until the pool was rebuilt",[101,855,856,232,858,232,862],{},[26,857,286],{"href":285,"rel":229,"target":230},[26,859,861],{"href":860,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fremoteviewing\u002Fstargate\u002FSTARGATE%20%237%20179\u002FPart0001\u002FCIA-RDP96-00789R003200100001-5.TXT","Hyman 1994",[26,863,865],{"href":864,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocuments.theblackvault.com\u002Fdocuments\u002Fremoteviewing\u002Fstargate\u002FSTARGATE%20%231%20173\u002FPart0003\u002FCIA-RDP96-00791R000200100002-4.TXT","Lantz, Luke & May 1994",[86,867,868,873,876],{},[101,869,870],{},[172,871,872],{},"File drawer and flexible analysis",[101,874,875],{},"Unreported series and post-hoc analyses inflate pooled results",[101,877,878,879,237],{},"In the ganzfeld, modelled questionable practices could explain about 60 % of the effect (",[26,880,882],{"href":881,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fjournals.plos.org\u002Fplosone\u002Farticle?id=10.1371\u002Fjournal.pone.0153049","Bierman, Spottiswoode & Bijl 2016",[86,884,885,890,893],{},[101,886,887],{},[172,888,889],{},"Operational claims",[101,891,892],{},"Famous \"hits\" are selected from many sessions; misses are rarely counted",[101,894,895,896,237],{},"AIR found operational value unsupported (",[26,897,707],{"href":706,"rel":229,"target":230},[192,899,901],{"id":900},"meta-analyses-and-replications-since-1995","Meta-analyses and replications since 1995",[20,903,904,917,930,945,960],{},[23,905,906,909,910,427,914,916],{},[172,907,908],{},"A proponent meta-analysis."," Tressoldi and Katz pooled 36 remote-viewing studies (40 effect sizes) from 1974 to 2022. They report an average effect size of .34 after excluding outliers, no signs of publication bias and a minimal decline, and conclude that remote viewing outperforms other ESP protocols (",[26,911,913],{"href":912,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fjournalofscientificexploration.org\u002Findex.php\u002Fjse\u002Farticle\u002Fview\u002F2931","Tressoldi & Katz 2023",[104,915],{"level":126},"; the pooled studies are mostly unregistered, and many come from a few groups).",[23,918,919,922,923,427,927,929],{},[172,920,921],{},"A pre-registered test."," In a pre-registered study at the Koestler Parapsychology Unit, 44 experienced remote viewers produced 10 correct matches (23 %, chance 25 %) (",[26,924,926],{"href":925,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.koestler-parapsychology.psy.ed.ac.uk\u002FDocuments\u002FKPU_1055_Results.pdf","Lyke, KPU 1055",[104,928],{"level":116},", null).",[23,931,932,935,936,938,939,941,942,944],{},[172,933,934],{},"ARV re-judged."," When nine new judges re-scored 86 completed ARV trials, all nine agreed on only 6.9 % of them, and the new judges averaged 51.5 % correct against 65 % for the original judges. An applied currency-trading project lost $52,186 (",[26,937,303],{"href":302,"rel":229,"target":230},"). The earlier positive ARV series, such as Targ's 1982 silver-futures forecasts (9 of 9, ",[104,940],{"level":126},") and 7 of 7 Dow Jones predictions by students (",[26,943,843],{"href":842,"rel":229,"target":230},"), were small and not judged blind.",[23,946,947,950,951,955,956,320],{},[172,948,949],{},"Pre-registration in general."," In the Koestler Unit's registry, 16 % of pre-registered confirmatory hypotheses were supported, against 46.6 % in non-registered papers of the same period (",[26,952,954],{"href":953,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.7717\u002Fpeerj.21360","Wiseman & Watt 2026","). A large pre-registered multi-lab replication of Bem's precognition design found 49.89 % against 50 % chance over 37,836 trials (",[26,957,959],{"href":958,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1098\u002Frsos.191375","Kekecs et al. 2023",[23,961,962,965,966,969,970,974,975,320],{},[172,963,964],{},"The wider argument."," A 2018 review in ",[459,967,968],{},"American Psychologist"," argued that the psi evidence is comparable to that for accepted psychological effects (",[26,971,973],{"href":972,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1037\u002Famp0000236","Cardeña 2018","); a reply argued that the claims conflict with established physics and cannot be right (",[26,976,978],{"href":977,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1037\u002Famp0000486","Reber & Alcock 2020",[10,980,981,984,985,987,988,990,991,232,993,320],{},[172,982,983],{},"Where this leaves things."," The SRI\u002FSAIC laboratory effect is ",[104,986],{"level":116},". Independent, pre-registered tests with experienced viewers have not reproduced it. ARV judging is unreliable (",[104,989],{"level":106}," as a methodological finding). No brain marker of remote viewing has been validated; SAIC's own MEG and EEG searches found nothing (",[26,992,707],{"href":706,"rel":229,"target":230},[26,994,996],{"href":995},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fbrain-view","BRAIN_VIEW.md",[72,998,1000],{"id":999},"videos","Videos",[10,1002,1003,1004,1006,1007,1010],{},"All links were checked for title, channel and length. Upload years are approximate where YouTube shows only an age; recording dates come from the video descriptions. Timestamps link to chapter markers or to transcript lines we checked. Speakers in the first three groups are proponents or insiders; treat their accounts as ",[172,1005,659],{}," or ",[172,1008,1009],{},"anecdotes",".",[192,1012,1014],{"id":1013},"programme-insiders","Programme insiders",[80,1016,1017,1030],{},[83,1018,1019],{},[86,1020,1021,1024,1027],{},[89,1022,1023],{},"Video",[89,1025,1026],{},"Channel · year · length",[89,1028,1029],{},"What it shows",[96,1031,1032,1060,1074,1107,1125,1139,1153,1167],{},[86,1033,1034,1040,1043],{},[101,1035,1036],{},[26,1037,1039],{"href":1038,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FV6Pn6WGahYI","Remote Viewing From the Inside Out with Russell Targ",[101,1041,1042],{},"New Thinking Allowed · recorded 2022 · 58:03",[101,1044,1045,1046,1050,1051,1055,1056,237],{},"Targ on his own sessions, the SRI \"rules\" of remote viewing (",[26,1047,1049],{"href":1048,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FV6Pn6WGahYI?t=563","9:23","), founding the SRI programme (",[26,1052,1054],{"href":1053,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FV6Pn6WGahYI?t=2089","34:49",") and the silver-futures ARV forecasts (",[26,1057,1059],{"href":1058,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FV6Pn6WGahYI?t=3018","50:18",[86,1061,1062,1068,1071],{},[101,1063,1064],{},[26,1065,1067],{"href":1066,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FCuN_5HoBMAQ","The Early Years of Psi Research at SRI International with Russell Targ",[101,1069,1070],{},"New Thinking Allowed · recorded 2017 · 28:39",[101,1072,1073],{},"Swann, Price and Hella Hammid as SRI subjects; the CIA's interest, from Targ's side",[86,1075,1076,1082,1085],{},[101,1077,1078],{},[26,1079,1081],{"href":1080,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FEPvrOsEXBbE","Edwin May, Psychic Spying (Remote Viewing, Star Gate Program)",[101,1083,1084],{},"Jimmy Akin · 2021 · 2:00:05",[101,1086,1087,1088,1092,1093,1097,1098,1102,1103,237],{},"The SAIC research director on the statistics (",[26,1089,1091],{"href":1090,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FEPvrOsEXBbE?t=2311","38:31","), famous misses (",[26,1094,1096],{"href":1095,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FEPvrOsEXBbE?t=3236","53:56",") and the closure (",[26,1099,1101],{"href":1100,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FEPvrOsEXBbE?t=3763","1:02:43","); also his criticism of Swann (",[26,1104,1106],{"href":1105,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FEPvrOsEXBbE?t=1715","28:35",[86,1108,1109,1115,1118],{},[101,1110,1111],{},[26,1112,1114],{"href":1113,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002Flz1OdX4UxxI","Lessons Learned From the Stargate Program with Edwin C. May",[101,1116,1117],{},"New Thinking Allowed · recorded 2016 · 27:54",[101,1119,1120,1121,237],{},"May on how hard the work is and on mainstream scepticism (",[26,1122,1124],{"href":1123,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002Flz1OdX4UxxI?t=244","4:04",[86,1126,1127,1133,1136],{},[101,1128,1129],{},[26,1130,1132],{"href":1131,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002F0IAErRNM-iE","Joseph McMoneagle talks about remote viewing and UFOs",[101,1134,1135],{},"OpenMindsTV · c. 2011 · 1:30:27",[101,1137,1138],{},"One of the first Army viewers on GRILL FLAME and SRI; a long-form personal account",[86,1140,1141,1147,1150],{},[101,1142,1143],{},[26,1144,1146],{"href":1145,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FnNOUuiS-1Kg","Remote Viewing Demonstration by Joe McMoneagle",[101,1148,1149],{},"shantihealer (TV excerpt, Paul McKenna) · c. 2015 · 6:52",[101,1151,1152],{},"A televised demonstration; useful as an example of what a session looks like, not as evidence (no blind judging shown)",[86,1154,1155,1161,1164],{},[101,1156,1157],{},[26,1158,1160],{"href":1159,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FXADPwSmqqSg","Ingo Swann, 2006 IRVA Conference, part 1 of 5",[101,1162,1163],{},"Allcingeye · recorded 2006 · 15:04",[101,1165,1166],{},"Swann's last major talk, on \"human super sensitivities\"",[86,1168,1169,1175,1178],{},[101,1170,1171],{},[26,1172,1174],{"href":1173,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FBIE2BClEok0","How To Do a Simple Remote Viewing",[101,1176,1177],{},"Dr. Paul H. Smith · c. 2020 · 10:45",[101,1179,1180],{},"A former Army viewer and author of the 1986 CRV manual sets up a simple practice session",[192,1182,1184],{"id":1183},"scientists-and-statisticians","Scientists and statisticians",[80,1186,1187,1197],{},[83,1188,1189],{},[86,1190,1191,1193,1195],{},[89,1192,1023],{},[89,1194,1026],{},[89,1196,1029],{},[96,1198,1199,1227,1246],{},[86,1200,1201,1207,1210],{},[101,1202,1203],{},[26,1204,1206],{"href":1205,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FYrwAiU2g5RU","Remote Viewing and Statistical Validation",[101,1208,1209],{},"Beach TV CSULB · c. 2018 · 28:03",[101,1211,1212,1213,1217,1218,1222,1223,237],{},"Jessica Utts on the statistics (",[26,1214,1216],{"href":1215,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FYrwAiU2g5RU?t=423","7:03","), controls (",[26,1219,1221],{"href":1220,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FYrwAiU2g5RU?t=781","13:01",") and the sceptics' case (",[26,1224,1226],{"href":1225,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FYrwAiU2g5RU?t=1339","22:19",[86,1228,1229,1235,1238],{},[101,1230,1231],{},[26,1232,1234],{"href":1233,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FK3x5QHD7Ewo","SSE Talks: Remote viewing the Stock Market",[101,1236,1237],{},"Society for Scientific Exploration · recorded 2010 · 20:44",[101,1239,1240,1241,1245],{},"Christopher Carson Smith presents the 7-of-7 ARV student study and its protocol (",[26,1242,1244],{"href":1243,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FK3x5QHD7Ewo?t=188","3:08","); the video description notes that the tasker, who chose both pictures, was among the judges",[86,1247,1248,1254,1257],{},[101,1249,1250],{},[26,1251,1253],{"href":1252,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FcNJwV3Ksxa8","Uncovering the CIA's Secret Weapon: Psychic Spies",[101,1255,1256],{},"Johnathan Bi · 2026 · 37:35",[101,1258,1259,1260,1264,1265,237],{},"Religious-studies scholar Jeffrey Kripal on Stargate's \"hits\" (",[26,1261,1263],{"href":1262,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FcNJwV3Ksxa8?t=132","2:12",") and the materialist explanation (",[26,1266,1268],{"href":1267,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FcNJwV3Ksxa8?t=1583","26:23",[192,1270,1272],{"id":1271},"persinger-lab-and-murphy","Persinger lab and Murphy",[80,1274,1275,1285],{},[83,1276,1277],{},[86,1278,1279,1281,1283],{},[89,1280,1023],{},[89,1282,1026],{},[89,1284,1029],{},[96,1286,1287,1316,1334],{},[86,1288,1289,1295,1298],{},[101,1290,1291],{},[26,1292,1294],{"href":1293,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002F3pdDtH4CvTY","Michael Persinger on No More Secrets",[101,1296,1297],{},"Alex Iglesias · c. 2014 · 54:43",[101,1299,1300,1301,1304,1305,1308,1309,1313,1314,237],{},"Persinger's lecture: quiet geomagnetic nights (",[26,1302,1303],{"href":472,"rel":229,"target":230},"5:41","), Ingo Swann (",[26,1306,1307],{"href":401,"rel":229,"target":230},"8:32","), outbound targets in sealed envelopes (",[26,1310,1312],{"href":1311,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002F3pdDtH4CvTY?t=729","12:09",") and photographs in another room (",[26,1315,407],{"href":406,"rel":229,"target":230},[86,1317,1318,1324,1327],{},[101,1319,1320],{},[26,1321,1323],{"href":1322,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FucYUBC4KyFo","2011 Remote Viewing by Michael Persinger",[101,1325,1326],{},"Psy Scape · c. 2013 · 13:37",[101,1328,1329,1330,237],{},"An excerpt of the same lecture focused on Swann's and students' sessions (",[26,1331,1333],{"href":1332,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FucYUBC4KyFo?t=29","0:29",[86,1335,1336,1341,1344],{},[101,1337,1338],{},[26,1339,1340],{"href":534,"rel":229,"target":230},"Psychic Skills & Miracles: technology for telepathy and remote viewing",[101,1342,1343],{},"brainsci (Todd Murphy) · year not shown · 1:44:26",[101,1345,1346,1347,1351,1352,1356,1357,237],{},"Murphy on the Octopus and Shiva, experimental results (",[26,1348,1350],{"href":1349,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FtmC1174POpA?t=328","5:28","), enhancing versus blocking psi (",[26,1353,1355],{"href":1354,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FtmC1174POpA?t=560","9:20",") and geomagnetic influence (",[26,1358,1360],{"href":1359,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FtmC1174POpA?t=1540","25:40",[192,1362,1364],{"id":1363},"documentary","Documentary",[80,1366,1367,1377],{},[83,1368,1369],{},[86,1370,1371,1373,1375],{},[89,1372,1023],{},[89,1374,1026],{},[89,1376,1029],{},[96,1378,1379],{},[86,1380,1381,1387,1390],{},[101,1382,1383],{},[26,1384,1386],{"href":1385,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FiBokQomPr_g","Third Eye Spies (2019), official trailer",[101,1388,1389],{},"1091 Pictures · 2019 · 1:31",[101,1391,1392],{},"Trailer for Lance Mungia's documentary, co-produced by Targ, with Puthoff, Radin and Edgar Mitchell. A proponent film",[192,1394,1396],{"id":1395},"sceptics","Sceptics",[80,1398,1399,1409],{},[83,1400,1401],{},[86,1402,1403,1405,1407],{},[89,1404,1023],{},[89,1406,1026],{},[89,1408,1029],{},[96,1410,1411,1440],{},[86,1412,1413,1419,1422],{},[101,1414,1415],{},[26,1416,1418],{"href":1417,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FarxJ8huoXy0","Lecture 10: Independent Replicability, Meta-analysis and Pseudo-Replicability",[101,1420,1421],{},"JamesRandiFoundation · c. 2013 · 56:04",[101,1423,1424,1425,1429,1430,1434,1435,1439],{},"Ray Hyman on the ganzfeld debate, methodology (",[26,1426,1428],{"href":1427,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FarxJ8huoXy0?t=435","7:15","), meta-analysis (",[26,1431,1433],{"href":1432,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FarxJ8huoXy0?t=1465","24:25",") and \"pseudo-replicability\" (",[26,1436,1438],{"href":1437,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FarxJ8huoXy0?t=2555","42:35","); the same reasoning he applied to STAR GATE",[86,1441,1442,1448,1451],{},[101,1443,1444],{},[26,1445,1447],{"href":1446,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002FUEwzewLqdZ4","Does Remote Viewing Work? How to Be a Psychic Spy",[101,1449,1450],{},"Derren Brown · c. 2013 · 6:36",[101,1452,1453],{},"A mentalist tests a remote viewer on television; a reminder of how convincing unblinded sessions can look",[10,1455,1456,1457,1460],{},"We found no verifiable upload of the 1995 ABC ",[459,1458,1459],{},"Nightline"," segment on STAR GATE, so it is not listed.",[72,1462,1464],{"id":1463},"reading-list-and-primary-sources","Reading list and primary sources",[10,1466,1467],{},[172,1468,1469],{},"Primary papers and reports",[20,1471,1472,1484,1492,1498,1513,1518,1528,1538,1547,1555,1565,1571],{},[23,1473,1474,1475,1477,1478,232,1480,320],{},"Targ R, Puthoff H (1974). Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding. ",[459,1476,736],{}," 251:602–607 (",[26,1479,736],{"href":228,"rel":229,"target":230},[26,1481,1483],{"href":1482,"rel":229,"target":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cia.gov\u002Freadingroom\u002Fdocument\u002Fcia-rdp96-00787r000100220001-8","CIA reading room copy",[23,1485,1486,1487,1489,1490,320],{},"Marks D, Kammann R (1978). Information transmission in remote viewing experiments. ",[459,1488,736],{}," 274:680–681 (",[26,1491,736],{"href":743,"rel":229,"target":230},[23,1493,1494,1495,320],{},"Kress K (1977). Parapsychology in intelligence: a personal review (",[26,1496,1497],{"href":628,"rel":229,"target":230},"text",[23,1499,1500,1501,1504,1505,1508,1509,65,1511,1010],{},"Mumford M, Rose A, Goslin D (1995). ",[459,1502,1503],{},"An Evaluation of Remote Viewing: Research and Applications",". AIR (",[26,1506,1507],{"href":706,"rel":229,"target":230},"PDF","), with ",[26,1510,286],{"href":285,"rel":229,"target":230},[26,1512,775],{"href":774,"rel":229,"target":230},[23,1514,1515,1516,320],{},"Puthoff H (1996). CIA-initiated remote viewing at Stanford Research Institute (",[26,1517,1497],{"href":235,"rel":229,"target":230},[23,1519,1520,1521,1524,1525,320],{},"Wiseman R, Milton J (1998). Experiment One of the SAIC remote viewing program: a critical re-evaluation. ",[459,1522,1523],{},"Journal of Parapsychology"," 62:297–308 (",[26,1526,1527],{"href":781,"rel":229,"target":230},"repository",[23,1529,1530,1531,1534,1535,320],{},"Roll WG, Persinger MA, Webster DL, Tiller SG, Cook CM (2002). Neurobehavioral and neurometabolic (SPECT) correlates of paranormal information. ",[459,1532,1533],{},"International Journal of Neuroscience"," 112:197–224 (",[26,1536,1537],{"href":425,"rel":229,"target":230},"PubMed",[23,1539,1540,1541,1544,1545,320],{},"Persinger MA, Roll WG, Tiller SG, Koren SA, Cook CM (2002). Remote viewing with the artist Ingo Swann. ",[459,1542,1543],{},"Perceptual and Motor Skills"," 94:927–949 (",[26,1546,1537],{"href":375,"rel":229,"target":230},[23,1548,1549,1550,1552,1553,320],{},"Koren SA, Persinger MA (2002). Possible disruption of remote viewing by complex weak magnetic fields around the stimulus site. ",[459,1551,1543],{}," 95:989–998 (",[26,1554,1537],{"href":388,"rel":229,"target":230},[23,1556,1557,1558,1561,1562,320],{},"Persinger MA (2010). The Harribance effect as pervasive out-of-body experiences. ",[459,1559,1560],{},"NeuroQuantology"," 8:444–465 (",[26,1563,1564],{"href":439,"rel":229,"target":230},"archived PDF",[23,1566,1567,1568,320],{},"Katz DL et al. (2021). ARV judging and outcomes (",[26,1569,1570],{"href":302,"rel":229,"target":230},"KPU 1034",[23,1572,1573,1574,1576,1577,320],{},"Tressoldi P, Katz DL (2023). Remote viewing: a 1974–2022 systematic review and meta-analysis. ",[459,1575,508],{}," 37:467–489 (",[26,1578,1579],{"href":912,"rel":229,"target":230},"JSE",[10,1581,1582,1585],{},[172,1583,1584],{},"Books"," (not linked; most are in print)",[20,1587,1588,1595,1602,1611,1618,1625],{},[23,1589,1590,1591,1594],{},"Targ R, Puthoff H. ",[459,1592,1593],{},"Mind-Reach"," (1977): the SRI account by its authors.",[23,1596,1597,1598,1601],{},"Marks D, Kammann R. ",[459,1599,1600],{},"The Psychology of the Psychic"," (1980; 2nd ed. by Marks, 2000): the sceptical account of the SRI work.",[23,1603,1604,1605,1608,1609,320],{},"McMoneagle J. ",[459,1606,1607],{},"Mind Trek"," (1993): a viewer's memoir (",[104,1610],{"level":136},[23,1612,1613,1614,1617],{},"Schnabel J. ",[459,1615,1616],{},"Remote Viewers: The Secret History of America's Psychic Spies"," (1997): journalist's history.",[23,1619,1620,1621,1624],{},"Smith PH. ",[459,1622,1623],{},"Reading the Enemy's Mind"," (2005): an insider's history of the Army unit.",[23,1626,1627,1628,1631],{},"May EC, Marwaha SB (eds). ",[459,1629,1630],{},"The Star Gate Archives"," (2018 onwards): the SRI\u002FSAIC research reports, edited by the programme's research director.",[72,1633,1635],{"id":1634},"trying-it-with-this-helmet","Trying it with this helmet",[192,1637,1639],{"id":1638},"programs","Programs",[10,1641,1642],{},"None of these has been shown to change remote-viewing accuracy. They let you test the claims, blind and against sham.",[80,1644,1645,1658],{},[83,1646,1647],{},[86,1648,1649,1652,1655],{},[89,1650,1651],{},"Program",[89,1653,1654],{},"What it is",[89,1656,1657],{},"Evidence",[96,1659,1660,1680,1698,1716,1734,1756,1774],{},[86,1661,1662,1673,1676],{},[101,1663,1664,1668,1669,237],{},[26,1665,1667],{"href":1666},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fpersinger-swann-2002-table1","Swann 2002: six counter-clockwise configurations as printed"," (",[26,1670,1672],{"href":1671},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fpersinger-swann-2002-table1\u002Fbrain","brain view",[101,1674,1675],{},"The 30-min exposure given to Swann, read from Table 1 of the paper",[101,1677,1678],{},[104,1679],{"level":116},[86,1681,1682,1691,1694],{},[101,1683,1684,1668,1688,237],{},[26,1685,1687],{"href":1686},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fmilitary-p06-persinger-swann-1998","Persinger-Swann 1998: six circumcerebral configurations",[26,1689,1672],{"href":1690},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fmilitary-p06-persinger-swann-1998\u002Fbrain",[101,1692,1693],{},"The same session built from the lab's standard protocol",[101,1695,1696],{},[104,1697],{"level":116},[86,1699,1700,1709,1712],{},[101,1701,1702,1668,1706,237],{},[26,1703,1705],{"href":1704},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fremote-viewing","Remote viewing (Octopus ring, CCW chirp 10→20 ms)",[26,1707,1672],{"href":1708},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fremote-viewing\u002Fbrain",[101,1710,1711],{},"Murphy's psi configuration for the ring; not the Swann session",[101,1713,1714],{},[104,1715],{"level":126},[86,1717,1718,1727,1730],{},[101,1719,1720,1668,1724,237],{},[26,1721,1723],{"href":1722},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fpersinger-harribance-koren-2s","Harribance: Koren helmet, five conditions",[26,1725,1672],{"href":1726},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fpersinger-harribance-koren-2s\u002Fbrain",[101,1728,1729],{},"The patterns given to Harribance, including LTP",[101,1731,1732],{},[104,1733],{"level":116},[86,1735,1736,1745,1752],{},[101,1737,1738,1668,1742,237],{},[26,1739,1741],{"href":1740},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fpersinger-harribance-ltp-20s","Harribance: bilateral LTP, 20-s rotation",[26,1743,1672],{"href":1744},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fpersinger-harribance-ltp-20s\u002Fbrain",[101,1746,1747,1748,1751],{},"The variant reported to ",[459,1749,1750],{},"lower"," his accuracy, alternating with no field",[101,1753,1754],{},[104,1755],{"level":116},[86,1757,1758,1767,1770],{},[101,1759,1760,1668,1764,237],{},[26,1761,1763],{"href":1762},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fmurphy-shakti-psi-rv-untested-occipital","Shakti remote-viewing design (untested): occipital",[26,1765,1672],{"href":1766},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fmurphy-shakti-psi-rv-untested-occipital\u002Fbrain",[101,1768,1769],{},"Murphy's modulated 40 Hz over the occipital lobes",[101,1771,1772],{},[104,1773],{"level":146},[86,1775,1776,1785,1788],{},[101,1777,1778,1668,1782,237],{},[26,1779,1781],{"href":1780},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fmurphy-shakti-psi-rv-untested","Shakti psychic design (untested): frontal, then occipital",[26,1783,1672],{"href":1784},"\u002Fapp\u002Fprograms\u002Fmurphy-shakti-psi-rv-untested\u002Fbrain",[101,1786,1787],{},"Murphy's telepathy design",[101,1789,1790],{},[104,1791],{"level":146},[10,1793,1794,1795,1797],{},"Read ",[26,1796,57],{"href":56}," first. These programs are not for anyone with epilepsy or a seizure history; stop on headache, nausea or distress.",[192,1799,1801],{"id":1800},"guides","Guides",[20,1803,1804,1811,1822,1829,1836,1843,1850],{},[23,1805,1806,1810],{},[26,1807,1809],{"href":1808},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Fphoto-target-trial","Photo-target trial (free response)",": the standard evidential trial.",[23,1812,1813,65,1817,1821],{},[26,1814,1816],{"href":1815},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Fcrv-session","CRV guided session (Stages I–VI)",[26,1818,1820],{"href":1819},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Fcrv-curriculum","CRV training plan",": CRV as a response format, with an optional blinded helmet arm.",[23,1823,1824,1828],{},[26,1825,1827],{"href":1826},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Ferv-extended","Extended remote viewing (ERV) with blinded arms",": long relaxation sessions with real and sham arms.",[23,1830,1831,1835],{},[26,1832,1834],{"href":1833},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Fpsi-trial-flow","Psi trial with covariates (ganzfeld-style)",": belief and state measures, relaxation and eyes-covered mentation.",[23,1837,1838,1842],{},[26,1839,1841],{"href":1840},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Foutbound-beacon","Outbound beacon (live target, two people)",": SRI's original design, adapted.",[23,1844,1845,1849],{},[26,1846,1848],{"href":1847},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Farv-binary","ARV binary prediction",": for practice only; never for money or decisions about people.",[23,1851,1852,1856,1857,65,1861,1865],{},[26,1853,1855],{"href":1854},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Fsrv-basic","SRV-style basic session",", ",[26,1858,1860],{"href":1859},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Fmcmoneagle-practice","Daily ESP practice (McMoneagle exercises)",[26,1862,1864],{"href":1863},"\u002Fapp\u002Fguides\u002Fforced-choice-trainer","Ten-choice trainer",": practice tasks, not evidence.",[192,1867,1869],{"id":1868},"running-a-proper-trial","Running a proper trial",[10,1871,1872,1874],{},[26,1873,43],{"href":42}," has the full method. The essentials:",[167,1876,1877,1883,1898,1912,1922,1928,1934],{},[23,1878,1879,1882],{},[172,1880,1881],{},"Pre-register."," Before the first trial, write down the hypothesis, the one primary outcome (for example first-place hits against chance, or real against sham), the number of trials, the set size and who judges. Date it and, if you can, post it publicly.",[23,1884,1885,1888,1889,1893,1894,1897],{},[172,1886,1887],{},"Have someone else build the picture pool"," in ",[26,1890,1892],{"href":1891},"\u002Fapp\u002Ftrials\u002Fpictures","Trials → Picture pool",": sets of 4 or 5 pictures of the same size, as different as possible within a set, many sets drawn with replacement. Import it without looking (never press ",[172,1895,1896],{},"Show pictures"," yourself) and note the pool fingerprint.",[23,1899,1900,1888,1903,1907,1908,1911],{},[172,1901,1902],{},"Create the trial",[26,1904,1906],{"href":1905},"\u002Fapp\u002Ftrials","Trials",": mode \"Remote viewing\", a stimulation program, ",[172,1909,1910],{},"Blind"," ticked. The helmet's hardware random generator picks the set, the target and real or sham, and shows a SHA-256 commitment before you start.",[23,1913,1914,1917,1918,1921],{},[172,1915,1916],{},"Respond"," during or after the stimulation: shapes, colours, textures, sketches; raw impressions rather than names. Then ",[172,1919,1920],{},"lock"," the response.",[23,1923,1924,1927],{},[172,1925,1926],{},"Judge blind."," Better than judging yourself: hand the phone to someone who does not know the target, the condition or the viewer. Remove dates and references to other trials from the response first. Every picture gets a different rank.",[23,1929,1930,1933],{},[172,1931,1932],{},"Reveal."," The app checks the commitment, the pool and the locked response. Aborted trials stay in the list.",[23,1935,1936,1939],{},[172,1937,1938],{},"Analyse once",", at the planned number of trials. Everything other than your primary outcome (Kp, sidereal time, per-program results) is exploratory.",[192,1941,1943],{"id":1942},"how-many-trials","How many trials",[10,1945,1946,1947,1949],{},"From ",[26,1948,43],{"href":42},", for 80 % power at one-sided α = .05:",[80,1951,1952,1968],{},[83,1953,1954],{},[86,1955,1956,1959,1962,1965],{},[89,1957,1958],{},"Design",[89,1960,1961],{},"Chance",[89,1963,1964],{},"Assumed true rate",[89,1966,1967],{},"Trials needed",[96,1969,1970,1984,1998,2012],{},[86,1971,1972,1975,1978,1981],{},[101,1973,1974],{},"5 pictures, first-place hits",[101,1976,1977],{},"20 %",[101,1979,1980],{},"30 %",[101,1982,1983],{},"127",[86,1985,1986,1989,1992,1995],{},[101,1987,1988],{},"5 pictures, rank score",[101,1990,1991],{},"ES 0",[101,1993,1994],{},"ES 0.2 (the SRI\u002FSAIC level)",[101,1996,1997],{},"about 155",[86,1999,2000,2003,2006,2009],{},[101,2001,2002],{},"4 pictures, first-place hits",[101,2004,2005],{},"25 %",[101,2007,2008],{},"32 %",[101,2010,2011],{},"279",[86,2013,2014,2017,2020,2023],{},[101,2015,2016],{},"ARV, non-pass predictions",[101,2018,2019],{},"50 %",[101,2021,2022],{},"60 %",[101,2024,2025],{},"169",[10,2027,2028],{},"Testing the helmet's contribution (real against sham) needs more still, because you are looking for a difference between two small effects. A personal series of 20 or 30 trials is a pilot: at the SRI\u002FSAIC level it will usually not reach significance even if the effect is real, and a \"significant\" short series is often luck.",[192,2030,2032],{"id":2031},"honest-expectations","Honest expectations",[20,2034,2035,2041,2047,2053],{},[23,2036,2037,2040],{},[172,2038,2039],{},"Expect chance."," The best-controlled recent tests of experienced viewers found chance results. Most people's series will look like chance.",[23,2042,2043,2046],{},[172,2044,2045],{},"Impressions are not evidence."," Vivid imagery is common with relaxation, sensory reduction and suggestion, with or without a field. Only blind ranking against decoys counts.",[23,2048,2049,2052],{},[172,2050,2051],{},"The helmet arm is the real question."," If you see an effect, the informative test is whether it differs between real and sham sessions that you could not tell apart. Record your guess of the condition after each session.",[23,2054,2055,2058],{},[172,2056,2057],{},"Report everything."," Nulls are useful. Export the raw trial file and keep it with your pre-registration.",{"title":2060,"searchDepth":2061,"depth":2061,"links":2062},"",3,[2063,2065,2068,2075,2076,2082,2089,2090],{"id":74,"depth":2064,"text":75},2,{"id":161,"depth":2064,"text":162,"children":2066},[2067],{"id":194,"depth":2061,"text":195},{"id":356,"depth":2064,"text":357,"children":2069},[2070,2071,2072,2073,2074],{"id":360,"depth":2061,"text":361},{"id":410,"depth":2061,"text":411},{"id":465,"depth":2061,"text":466},{"id":519,"depth":2061,"text":520},{"id":568,"depth":2061,"text":569},{"id":584,"depth":2064,"text":585},{"id":725,"depth":2064,"text":726,"children":2077},[2078,2079,2080,2081],{"id":729,"depth":2061,"text":730},{"id":751,"depth":2061,"text":752},{"id":789,"depth":2061,"text":790},{"id":900,"depth":2061,"text":901},{"id":999,"depth":2064,"text":1000,"children":2083},[2084,2085,2086,2087,2088],{"id":1013,"depth":2061,"text":1014},{"id":1183,"depth":2061,"text":1184},{"id":1271,"depth":2061,"text":1272},{"id":1363,"depth":2061,"text":1364},{"id":1395,"depth":2061,"text":1396},{"id":1463,"depth":2064,"text":1464},{"id":1634,"depth":2064,"text":1635,"children":2091},[2092,2093,2094,2095,2096],{"id":1638,"depth":2061,"text":1639},{"id":1800,"depth":2061,"text":1801},{"id":1868,"depth":2061,"text":1869},{"id":1942,"depth":2061,"text":1943},{"id":2031,"depth":2061,"text":2032},"What remote viewing is, why it is tied to the God Helmet, and how to test it with committed targets and blind judging.","md","docs\u002FEFFECT_REMOTE_VIEWING.md","Effect","Remote viewing",{},22,true,"\u002Farticles\u002Fremote-viewing","articles",{"title":5,"description":12},"remote-viewing","docs\u002FEFFECT_REMOTE_VIEWING",null,"c95-7NaCRhOPl057sqyFXiF-b7vf-oH0lk-D72g0IMk",[2113,2120,2127,2128,2137],{"path":63,"title":2114,"description":2115,"section":2106,"slug":2116,"label":64,"group":2100,"order":2117,"minutes":2118,"updated":2110,"file":2119},"Sensed presence: the feeling that someone is there","The feeling that someone is there: what people report, what Persinger’s lab claimed, what the one rigorous replication found, and where the experience turns up without any helmet.","sensed-presence",0,28,"docs\u002FEFFECT_SENSED_PRESENCE.md",{"path":68,"title":2121,"description":2122,"section":2106,"slug":2123,"label":69,"group":2100,"order":2124,"minutes":2125,"updated":2110,"file":2126},"Out-of-body experiences: what is reported, what the brain does, and what this helmet can test","What is reported, what the brain does when the body image comes apart, and what a weak-field helmet can and cannot test.","out-of-body",1,27,"docs\u002FEFFECT_OUT_OF_BODY.md",{"path":2105,"title":5,"description":2097,"section":2106,"slug":2108,"label":2101,"group":2100,"order":2064,"minutes":2103,"updated":2110,"file":2099},{"path":35,"title":2129,"description":2130,"section":2106,"slug":2131,"label":2132,"group":2133,"order":2061,"minutes":2134,"updated":2135,"file":2136},"Research review: weak magnetic fields, the God Helmet and what this build can test","The evidence review: the Persinger lab, independent tests, vendor claims, mainstream low-field science, and which brain regions go with which reported states.","research","The evidence","Review",46,"2026-10-27","docs\u002FRESEARCH.md",{"path":28,"title":2138,"description":2139,"section":2106,"slug":2140,"label":2141,"group":2141,"order":2142,"minutes":2143,"updated":2110,"file":2144},"History: military, intelligence and institutional involvement","Military, intelligence and health-agency history: ELF research, the remote-viewing programmes, Gateway, the replication controversy, and what WHO, IARC and ICNIRP concluded.","history","History",4,38,"docs\u002FHISTORY.md",1794317839964]